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20. Humes, A.G 1997. Asterocheres enewetakensis, new species (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida), from a sponge at Enewetak Atoll, Marshall Islands. Micronesica. 30(2): 259-267. Date Revised/Accepted: 25 July 1997.
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Asterocheres enewetakensis, new species (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida), from a sponge at Enewetak Atoll, Marshall Islands

Humes, A.G

The asterocherid siphonostomatoid copepod Asterocheres enewetakensis, new species, is described from an unidentified sponge at Muti Island, Enewetak Atoll, Marshall Islands. It differs from all congeners in the elongated slender leg 5 (ratio in the female 6:1) and in the shape of the genital double-somite in the female.
Micronesica 30(2): 259-267, 1997.
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Humes1997
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20. Kolinski, S.P., R.K. Hoeke, S.R. Holzwarth & P.S. Vroom 2005. Sea Turtle Abundance at Isolated Reefs of the Mariana Archipelago. Micronesica. 37(2): 287-296. Date Revised/Accepted: 02 August 2004.
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Sea Turtle Abundance at Isolated Reefs of the Mariana Archipelago

Kolinski, S.P., R.K. Hoeke, S.R. Holzwarth & P.S. Vroom

Seven shallow-water banks, shoals and isolated reefs of the Mariana Archipelago were surveyed for sea turtles using surface and underwater survey techniques as part of efforts to ascertain turtle distributions and numbers throughout the Mariana region. Three green turtles (Chelonia mydas) were observed, one each at Supply Reef, Zealandia Bank and Arakane Reef. No other turtle species were seen. Twenty-six species of macroalgae were identified at six of the seven reefs, three (12%) of which are known to be utilized by green turtles. The limited number of turtles at isolated reef systems may be due to low recruitment rates, inadequate habitat range and resources, increased exposure to predation, and/or increased effort required to remain on location. Although sea turtles in some cases utilize shallow isolated reef systems, these systems do not appear to support large turtle numbers on a resident basis in the Mariana region.
Micronesica 37(2): 287-296, 2005.
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Kolinski2005
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20. Marshall, M 1974. Research Bibliography of Alcohol and Kava Studies in Oceania. Micronesica. 10 (2): 299-306. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 December 1974.
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Research Bibliography of Alcohol and Kava Studies in Oceania

Marshall, M

Originally prepared in connection with the Working Session on Alcohol and Kava Studies in Oceania, held at the 3rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Social Anthropology in Oceania in March 1974, this bibliography has since been expanded to include all known articles, commission reports and papers read at professional meetings dealing specifically with alcohol and kava use and abuse in the Pacific Islands. The bibliography explicitly does not contain references to sections of larger works (e.g., ethnographies) that discuss alcohol and kava in the islands.
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Micronesica 10 (2): 299-306, 1974.
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Marshall 1974
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research_bibliography_of_alcohol_kava_studies_in_oceania_by_marshall_m._-_micronesica_vol._10_no._2_dec._1974_o.pdf (829.4 KB)
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20. Micronesica Editor 2008. Corrigendum: website moved. Micronesica. 40(1/2): 311 Date Revised/Accepted: 01 July 2008.
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Corrigendum: website moved

Micronesica Editor

The URL for the algal biodiversity website cited in Lobban & N’Yeurt (2006, pp. 73, 74 and 96) has been changed from http://www.uog.edu/ classes/botany/474/ to http://university.uog.edu/botany/474/. The specific URL mentioned on page 101 under Enteromorpha was also misprinted; the correct URL for that page is: http://university.uog.edu/botany/474/chloro/ulva.html.
Lobban, C.S. & A.D.R. N’Yeurt. 2006. Provisional keys to the genera of seaweeds of Micronesia, with new records for Guam and Yap. Micronesica 39(1): 73–105.
Micronesica 40(1/2): 311 2008.
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Corrigendum: website moved
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20_corrigendum.pdf (7.89 KB)
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20. Wells, J.W 1969. Aspects of Pacific Coral Reefs. Micronesica. 5 (2): 317-322. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 December 1969.
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Aspects of Pacific Coral Reefs

Wells, J.W

Coral reefs are the only major earth features determined by the complexly integrated operation of both organic and inorganic processes. To the biologist a reef is a dynamic organic community of tropical seas dominated by corals. To the geologist it is a constructional feature of tropical seas conditioned by the marine environment. Exploitation of the tropical Pacific Ocean by man and other terrestrial organisms has been made possible by the two disparate actions: the life processes of reef-building (hermatypic) corals and the geological processes of vulcanism and diastrophism, the former being in turn deterministically conditioned on the development by the latter of substrates at least within 100 meters of the ocean surface. In the long view they are impermanent systems due to the queasiness of the crust beneath the ocean basin. The reefs appear, from what is yet known of the geologic history of the Pacific Basin, to be a late Mesozoic development dating back about 80,000,000 years.
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Micronesica 5 (2): 317-322, 1969.
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Wells 1969
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aspects_of_pacific_coral_reefs-micronesica_vol.5_no.2_dec._1969_o.pdf (395.95 KB)
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20. Lobel, P.S 1980. Invasion by the Mozambique Tilapia (Sarotherodon mossambicus; Pisces; Cichlidae) of a Pacific Atoll Marine Ecosystem. Micronesica. 16 (2): 349-356. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 December 1980.
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Invasion by the Mozambique Tilapia (Sarotherodon mossambicus; Pisces; Cichlidae) of a Pacific Atoll Marine Ecosystem

Lobel, P.S

The cichlid fish, Sarotherodon mossambicus, native to southern Africa and introduced into many other areas of the world, was released by personnel of the U.S. Bureau of Commercial Fisheries in a saltwater pond on Fanning Atoll and in a freshwater lake on nearby Washington Island, Line Islands, in 1958 from stocks obtained in Hawaii. Since then, this exotic fish has become established and has dispersed into several estuaries and the lagoon of this atoll. The range of this fish, two decades after its introduction, encompassed approximately 16 km of lagoon coastline at Fanning Atoll. Resident islanders have not utilized this tilapia except to kill them when the fish becomes too abundant; they are not used as baitfish or as food. S. mossambicus is preyed upon by predatory fishes and piscivorous birds, but such predation has failed to stem the range expansion of this exotic fish.
Micronesica 16 (2): 349-356, 1980.
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Lobel 1980
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invasion_by_the_mozambique_tilapia_of_a_pacific_atoll_marine_ecosystem-lobel_p.s.-micronesica_vol.16_no.2_dec._1980o.pdf (8.81 MB)
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20. Tan, S.H. & P.K.L. Ng 2003. The Parthenopinae of Guam (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Parthenopidae). Micronesica. 35-36: 385-416.
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The Parthenopinae of Guam (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Parthenopidae)

Tan, S.H. & P.K.L. Ng

Eight species of parthenopid crabs of the subfamily Parthenopinae are recorded from Guam. A new species of Aulacolambrus Paul’son 1875, is described. Two other species, Aulacolambrus hoplonotus (Adams & White 1849) and Rhinolambrus rudis (Rathbun 1916) are new records. The poorly known Lambrus pugilator A. Milne-Edwards 1873, not found since its original description is now reported from Guam and is referred to a new genus, Certolambrus. Heterocrypta petrosa Klunzinger 1906, a new record for Guam, is shown to be generically distinct from Heterocrypta Stimpson 1871b, and placed in a new genus, Furtipodia, together with a new species, F. gemma. Cryptopodia investigatoris Alcock 1895, and Heterocrypta bivallata Flipse 1930, are synonyms of Cryptopodia contracta Stimpson 1857; Cryptopodia angusta Rathbun 1916, is a junior synonym of Heterocrypta transitans Ortmann 1893; and Heterocrypta transitans is transferred to Cryptopodia. A new genus and new species, Neikolambrus polemistes, which shares characteristics of both Rhinolambrus and Pseudolambrus, is also described.
Micronesica 35-36: 385-416, 2003.
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21. Eldredge, L.G 1966. A Taxonomic Review of lndo-Pacific Didemnid Ascidians and Descriptions of Twenty-three Central Pacific Species. Micronesica. 2 (2): 161-261. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 June 1966.
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A Taxonomic Review of lndo-Pacific Didemnid Ascidians and Descriptions of Twenty-three Central Pacific Species

Eldredge, L.G

Twenty-three didemnid ascidian species, eight of them new, are described from central Pacific waters. The taxonomic position of each is considered with reference to other related lndo-Pacific species. The bases for generic and specific determination are evaluated; spicule occurrence is too variable to be the sole basis for distinguishing a species, whereas occurrence of algae is shown to be diagnostically significant because of the discovery that algae can be transmitted by the larvae. The family authorship, heretofore variously credited, is attributed to Milne Edwards in accordance with the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.
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Micronesica 2 (2): 161-261, 1966.
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a_taxonomic_review_of_indo-pacific_didemnid_ascidians_by_eldredge_l.g._-_micronesica_vol.2_pt.2_jun._1966o.pdf (30.62 MB)
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21. Kay, E.A 1976. The Status of Faunistic Studies of Pacific Coral Reef Mollusks: 1974. Micronesica. 12 (1): 187-192. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 June 1976.
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The Status of Faunistic Studies of Pacific Coral Reef Mollusks: 1974

Kay, E.A

Four themes characterize faunistic studies of coral reef-associated mollusks in the Pacific: that they are representative of the lndo-West-Pacific faunal region, that within the faunal region there are areas of endemism, that there is an attenuation in numbers of species from west to east across the tropical Pacific, and that tropical Pacific mollusks exhibit high species diversity compared with temperate regions. These patterns have emerged from the descriptions and records of 19th century explorer-naturalists who crossed and re-crossed the Pacific. Their observations are summarized in such great molluscan classics as Kiener's (1834-1879) Coquilles Vivantes, Reeve's (1843-1878) Conchologia Iconica, Sowerby's (1842 1887) Thesaurus Conchyliorum, and Tryon's (1879-1898) Manual of Conchology . In the 20th century, the descriptive and summary work of Dall, Bartsch, and Rehder (1938), Ladd (1966, 1972), Cernohorsky (1967, 1972), and the ever increasing issues of Indo-Pacific Mollusca (edited by R.T. Abbott) provide further documentation for the themes.
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Micronesica 12 (1): 187-192, 1976.
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Kay 1976
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status_of_faunistic_studies_of_pacific_coral_reef_mollusks-_1974_by_kay_e.a._-micronesica_vol.12_no.1._jun._1976_o.pdf (1.72 MB)
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21. Randall, R.H 1973. Distribution of Corals After Acanthaster planci (L.) Infestation at Tanguisson Point, Guam. Micronesica. 9 (2): 213-222. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 December 1973.
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Distribution of Corals After Acanthaster planci (L.) Infestation at Tanguisson Point, Guam

Randall, R.H

Distributional analysis of the reef corals was undertaken at Tanguisson Point in the early part of 1970, one year after the starfish infestation, and includes relative abundance of coral species and percentage of substrate occupied by living corals by reef zones and the distribution of corallum size and growth forms for the entire reef. By using coral distributional studies conducted prior to the starfish infestation period on an adjacent reef at Tumon Bay, a baseline value was established for the above parameters. Using this baseline data it was found that the total number of species at Tanguission Point had decreased from 146 to 96, and the number of genera from 36 to 33. In the major zones of starfish infestation the per cent of reef surface covered by living corals dropped from 49 to 21 in the reef front zone, from 59 to less than 1 in the submarine terrace zone, and from 50 to less than 1 in the seaward slope zone. There was a relative decrease in all corallum size ranges except the 0-5 cm range and a relative decrease in all the coral growth forms differentiated, except the encrusting types. There is some coral recovery taking place as evidenced by the presence of small, newly established corals from planula settlement and the presence of small surviving patches of previous living corals.
Micronesica 9 (2): 213-222, 1973.
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Randall 1973
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distribution_of_corals_after_acanthaster_planci_infestation_at_tanguisson_point_guam-micronesica_vol._9_no._2_dec._1973o.pdf (3.32 MB)
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21. Helfrich, P. & P.M. Allen 1975. Observations on the Spawning of Mullet, Crenimugil crenilabis (Forskål), at Enewetak, Marshall Islands. Micronesica. 11 (2): 219-226. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 December 1975.
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Observations on the Spawning of Mullet, Crenimugil crenilabis (Forskål), at Enewetak, Marshall Islands

Helfrich, P. & P.M. Allen

The spawning of mullet, Crenimugil crenilabis, was observed in close proximity to the R/V ALPHA HELIX in Enewetak lagoon on the night of 25-26 June 1971. Prespawning behavior consisted of a dense school of 500 to 1500 individuals swimming rapidly in a counter-clockwise pattern near the surface in shallow water. This pattern persisted with occasional breaking of the school into two segments between 2030 and 0005 hr, at which time the mullet formed a single school and made a rapid explosive jump; it appeared as though the entire school broke the surface of the water after which dense clouds of released gametes were observed. The spawning behavior was repeated several times. Seventeen females (mean fork length 425.8 mm) and twenty-four males (mean fork length 389.5 mm) were sampled from the spawning school; alI specimens were running ripe. The sex ratio did not differ significantly from the expected 1:1. Ovaries examined microscopically contained only fully developed ova, with estimated fecundity ranging from 195,000 to 897,000 ova per female.
Micronesica 11 (2): 219-226, 1975.
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observations_on_the_spawning_of_mullet_crenimugil_crenilabis_forskal_at_enewetak_marshall_islands_by_helfrich_p._p.m._allen_-micronesica_vol.11_no.2_dec._1975_o.pdf (501.88 KB)
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21. Benbow, M.E., L.L. Orzetti, M.D. McIntosh & A.J. Burky 2002. A note on cascade climbing of migrating goby and shrimp postlarvae in two Maui streams. Micronesica. 34(2): 243-248.
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A note on cascade climbing of migrating goby and shrimp postlarvae in two Maui streams

Benbow, M.E., L.L. Orzetti, M.D. McIntosh & A.J. Burky

In this study, we documented cascade climbing rates of 133 and 230 postlarvae of Lentipes concolor (O‘opu alamo‘o) and Atyoida bisulcata (Opae kahaole), respectively, from two streams on the island of Maui, Hawaii. Climbing measurements and observations were made of postlarvae at the water-substrate interface in cascade habitats of constricted water flow. Both species were observed to move in short bursts of forward progression within or above the pulsing water-substrate interface. Goby postlarval climbing rates ranged from 0.04 – 1.50 cm s–1 and were slower than shrimp rates which ranged from 0.30 – 3.06 cm s–1. The high variability is attributed to the bursting movement behaviors exhibited by both species. During one night of monitoring, a mean of 9.4 shrimp min–1 were observed to climb along ~ 0.4 m stretch of the watersubstrate interface, resulting in conservative recruitment estimate of 564 shrimp h–1. Potential applications to stream management are discussed.
Micronesica 34(2): 243-248, 2002.
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21_benbow_243-248.pdf (30.53 KB)
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21. Garbary, D.J., J.C. Oliveira, R.F. Scagel, & S. Villeneuve 1991. Notes and Distribution Records for the Marine Algae of Fiji. Micronesica. 24 (2): 249-260. Date Revised/Accepted: 07 May 1991.
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​Notes and Distribution Records for the Marine Algae of Fiji

Garbary, D.J., J.C. Oliveira, R.F. Scagel, & S. Villeneuve

Floristic investigations of the marine algae of the Fijian archipelago are based on collections made in August 1980, August 1981, and February 1982. Numerous new distribution records are described, including representatives of Cyanophyta (11 species), Chlorophyta (15 species or infraspecific taxa), Phaeophyta (12 species) and Rhodophyta (53 species). Most of these records are for species that are widespread throughout the tropical Indo-Pacific region (e.g. Brachytrichia quoyi and Leveillea jungermannioides) and were previously recorded from Micronesia and/or New Caledonia. Leachiella sp. and Goniotrichopsis sublittoralis are apparently disjunct populations from western North America. The new records increase the known marine algal flora of Fiji about 45% to about 269 species and infraspecific taxa.
Micronesica 24 (2): 249-260, 1991.
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Garbary, Oliveira, Scagel, & Villeneuve 1991
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article6o.pdf (520.46 KB)
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21. Kevan, D.K.M. & V.R. Vickery 1997. An Annotated Provisional List of Non-Saltatorial Orthopteroid Insects of Micronesia, Compiled Mainly from the Literature. Micronesica. 30(2): 269-353. Date Revised/Accepted: 27 July 1997.
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An Annotated Provisional List of Non-Saltatorial Orthopteroid Insects of Micronesia, Compiled Mainly from the Literature

Kevan, D.K.M. & V.R. Vickery

The general literature relating to the non-saltatorial orthopteroid insects of Micronesia and certain nearby groups of smaller islands of Oceania is reviewed. The species known to occur in this region are listed according to order and family. Most of the information is based on literature records which have been updated, corrected and commented upon where appropriate. A few new records are included. The orders considered are Dictuoptera (including Blattodea, Mantodea and Termitodea [Isoptera]), Zoraptera (none recorded), Embioptera, Dermaptera and Cheleutoptera (Phasmatodea).
Micronesica 30(2): 269-353, 1997.
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4_-_kevanocr.pdf (4.54 MB)
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21. Velde, N.V. & B.V. Velde 2005. Two Species of Mangrove Trees Previously Unrecorded in the Marshall Islands Found in Jaluit Atoll. Micronesica. 37(2): 297-308. Date Revised/Accepted: 02 August 2004.
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Two Species of Mangrove Trees Previously Unrecorded in the Marshall Islands Found in Jaluit Atoll

Velde, N.V. & B.V. Velde

Jaluit Atoll, in the Republic of the Marshall Islands, has long been noted for its extensive mangrove wetlands. It has generally been held that the tree species to be found in these wetlands were predominately Bruguiera gymnorrhiza and Pemphis acidula, with a lesser amount of Sonneratia alba and Lumnitzera littorea, and a limited number of Rhizophora mucronata. However, recently two additional mangrove tree species were found, Xylocarpus cf. rumphii and Rhizophora apiculata, well established in the wetlands of Jaluit Atoll. The aboriginal inhabitants of the Marshall Islands were skilled sailors who traveled throughout Micronesia. Many plant species were introduced prehistorically from other areas and these had an impact on the terrestrial flora. Linguistic similarities with other regions, and related anthropological evidence may give evidence as to whether these recently documented mangrove species were introduced through human activity.
Micronesica 37(2): 297-308, 2005.
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Vandervelde2005
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297-308vandervelde.pdf (33.59 MB)
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21. Micronesica Editor 2008. Annual Indexes. Micronesica. 40(1/2): 313-318. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 July 2008.
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Annual Indexes

Micronesica Editor

See Indexes.
Micronesica 40(1/2): 313-318, 2008.
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21_annual_indexes.pdf (27.91 KB)
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21. Goreau, T.F 1969. Post Pleistocene Urban Renewal in Coral Reefs. Micronesica. 5 (2): 323-326. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 December 1969.
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Post Pleistocene Urban Renewal in Coral Reefs

Goreau, T.F

In this paper are examined some aspects of coral reef problems that have not been dealt with adequately before. The biological and ecological diversity of modern reefs is probably greater than any comparable association in earlier geological history. This is related to a very high order of trophic integration and organisation which is perhaps more complex than that of any other major ecosystem, terrestrial or marine. The evolution of such associations is not yet understood, especially as it seems to have taken place in one of the most stable of environments-the tropical sea shore. Although the geological record indicates that reefs are among the oldest continuously existing communities on earth, there is considerable evidence also that the modern reefs are not stable and mature communities, but are undergoing successional changes typical of youthful assemblages.
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Micronesica 5 (2): 323-326, 1969.
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post_pleistocene_urban_renewal_in_coral_reefs-_micronesica_vol.5_no.2_dec._1969_o.pdf (293.4 KB)
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21. McMillan, C 1980. Halodule pinifolia in the Palau Islands (Belau). Micronesica. 16 (2): 357-359. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 December 1980.
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Halodule pinifolia in the Palau Islands (Belau)

McMillan, C

Nine species of seagrasses have been reported previously from the Micronesian region. Six species, Halodule uninervis, Cymodocea rotundata, Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Halophila minor, and Halophila ovalis had been reported by various authors (Fosberg, 1955, 1961, 1976; Moul , 1957; den Hartog, 1970; Stone, 1971; Sachet and Fosberg, 1973) and three species, Syringodium isoetifolium, Thalassodendron ciliatum, and Cymodocea serrulata were reported for the first time by Tsuda et al., (1977). The addition of Halodule pinifolia (Miki) den Hartog to the seagrass flora of the Palau Islands increases the total number of seagrasses reported in Micronesia to ten.
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Micronesica 16 (2): 357-359, 1980.
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halodule_pinifolia_in_the_palau_islands-mcmillan_c.-micronesica_vol.16_no.2_dec._1980o.pdf (4.52 MB)
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21. Ng, P.K.L. & M. Takeda 2003. Atoportunus, a remarkable new genus of cryptic swimming crab (Crustacea; Decapoda; Brachyura: Portunidae), with descriptions of two new species from the Indo-West Pacific. Micronesica. 35-36: 417-430.
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Atoportunus, a remarkable new genus of cryptic swimming crab (Crustacea; Decapoda; Brachyura: Portunidae), with descriptions of two new species from the Indo-West Pacific

Ng, P.K.L. & M. Takeda

A new genus of chalicophilous and cavernicolous swimming crab (Portunidae), Atoportunus, and two new species, A. gustavi and A. pluto, are described from Guam, Japan, Hawaii and Christmas Island (Indian Ocean). This is the first such portunid known, and has all the features associated with an obligate cavernicolous lifestyle, viz. reduced coloration, elongated appendages and reduced eyes.
Micronesica 35-36: 417-430, 2003.
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21-atoportunus.pdf (13.91 MB)
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22. Clark, A.M 1976. Review of Present Status of Knowledge of Pacific Echinoderms. Micronesica. 12 (1): 193-196. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 June 1976.
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Review of Present Status of Knowledge of Pacific Echinoderms

Clark, A.M

Inevitably most work in the Pacific on echinoderms has been done intertidally and in the upper 20 meters or so of water. The fauna of the tropical area, excepting the East Pacific, has been reviewed comprehensively by Clark and Rowe (1971) who give a fauna list/distribution table for the sub-areas of the Indo-West Pacific and annotated keys to the species (except for holothurians which are dealt with to genus or subgenus only). Since that date, notable contributions on the taxonomy of the Asterozoa of south-east Polynesia by Devaney and by Marsh have appeared and Devaney's revision of the dominant family of coral reef ophiuroids-the Ophiocomidae (to be concluded) includes many relevant species.
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Micronesica 12 (1): 193-196, 1976.
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review_of_present_status_of_knowledge_of_pacific_echinoderms_by_clark_a.m._-micronesica_vol.12_no.1._jun._1976_o.pdf (1.05 MB)
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22. Pearson, R.G 1973. Recovery of Coral Reefs on the Great Barrier Reef Following Attack by Acanthaster. Micronesica. 9 (2): 223-224. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 December 1973.
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Recovery of Coral Reefs on the Great Barrier Reef Following Attack by Acanthaster

Pearson, R.G

Investigations have centered on reefs off the Queensland coast near Innisfail. Large populations of Acanthaster attacked these reefs in the mid 1960's. Transect surveys of the seaward slopes of 18 reefs made during July-November 1971 showed that the coverage of live corals, larger than about 10 cm diameter, ranged from less than 1 per cent on the worst affected reef to 58.5 per cent on an undamaged reef. Corals near the reef crest subject to heavy wave action and large colonies of Diploastrea and massive and branching Porites were least affected. Long term quantitative studies of two 10 m2 plots on damaged reefs have recently commenced. Preliminary results show that about 70 to 75 per cent of all colonies are less than 5 cm diameter. Although turnover of small corals is high there is a net gain of colonies. Mortality of large colonies is low. Factors which could influence the recovery of corals on damaged reefs are discussed.
Micronesica 9 (2): 223-224, 1973.
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recovery_of_coral_reefs_on_the_great_barrier_reef_following_attack_by_acanthaster-micronesica_vol._9_no.2_dec._1973o.pdf (193.15 KB)
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22. Yamaguchi, M 1975. Sea Level Fluctuations and Mass Mortalities of Reef Animals in Guam, Mariana lslands. Micronesica. 11 (2): 227-243. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 December 1975.
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Sea Level Fluctuations and Mass Mortalities of Reef Animals in Guam, Mariana lslands

Yamaguchi, M

Monthly mean sea level dropped as much as 44.2 cm below MSL on Guam in October 1972, where the tidal range is about 1 m during the spring tides. This was the most extensive sea level drop ever recorded on Guam since 1948. The 1972 sea level drop caused an intensive mass mortality in the reef flat communities along the windward reefs of Guam, killing virtually all macroscopic organisms within the inner reef flat of Pago Bay. Many macro-benthic animal populations killed there consisted predominantly of adult individuals.

Recovery of the benthic communities to pre-mortality conditions was incomplete on the inner reef flat of Pago Bay within a three year period. Corals, echinoderms, and some gastropod populations showed little recovery. The mass-mortality in 1972 appeared to be more intensive than the one in 1968.

The abnormal sea level drops at Guam and other tropical Pacific Islands within the Equatorial Current System are probably related to episodic anomalities in large scale oceanographic conditions. Local conditions such as wind stress may modify the magnitude of such fluctuations. The extensive sea level drops at Guam occurred mostly in winter months and they were well correlated with the lower than average sea levels in preceding summer months. The latter may be monitored as forerunners for predicting abnormal sea level drops on Guam.
Micronesica 11 (2): 227-243, 1975.
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sea_level_fluctuations_and_mass_mortality_of_reef_animals_in_guam_mariana_islands_by_yamaguchi_m._-micronesica_vol.11_no.2_dec._1975_o.pdf (1.57 MB)
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22. Trianni, M.S. & C.C. Kessler 2002. Incidence and strandings of the Spinner Dolphin, Stenella longirostris, in Saipan Lagoon. Micronesica. 34(2): 249-260.
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Incidence and strandings of the Spinner Dolphin, Stenella longirostris, in Saipan Lagoon

Trianni, M.S. & C.C. Kessler

The spinner dolphin, Stenella longirostris, has been observed throughout the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands and most notably in Saipan Lagoon, where there was a series of strandings in 1995. Recent documented reports of these occurrences were examined. Identified dolphins were primarily females associated with sub-adults or juveniles. A single dead male was found to have its stomach engorged with seagrass. Reliable observations in the Mariana Islands spanning 1995 – 2001 and strandings during 1995 in Saipan Lagoon are presented.
Micronesica 34(2): 249-260, 2002.
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22_trianni_249-260.pdf (106.14 KB)
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22. Stinson, D.W., J.D. Reichel, R.J. Craig, & D.T. Aldan 1991. New and Unusual Bird Records from the Northern Mariana Islands, 1988-1990. Micronesica. 24 (2): 261-271. Date Revised/Accepted: 22 April 1991.
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New and Unusual Bird Records from the Northern Mariana Islands, 1988-1990

Stinson, D.W., J.D. Reichel, R.J. Craig, & D.T. Aldan

We report 27 species accounts documenting new bird records from the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI). These include 10 sight, 7 photographic, and 11 specimen records. This represents 23 island records, 8 Mariana Island records, 5 Micronesian records, and at least 2 tropical Pacific records. Records are new for a particular island only unless a wider geographical area is mentioned in the text. Additionally photo and specimen records are reported for islands when only sight records were previously known. We use the definition of Pratt et al. (1987) for tropical Pacific: Micronesia, Polynesia, and the Hawaiian Islands. All specimens are or will be sent to Charles R. Conner Museum (CRCM), Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-4220. Photographs are on file at the CNMI Division of Fish and Wildlife, Saipan (DFW). Some of the accounts in this paper document records referred to by the citation "Stinson and Reichel, in prep" cited in Reichel & Glass (1991); the remaining records are more recent than the checklist and were not recorded there. Other museums for which specimen numbers are given for previous collections include the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution (USNM), and Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley (MVZ).
(This is the first paragrap. There is no abstract.)
Micronesica 24 (2): 261-271, 1991.
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22-new20and20unusual20bird20records20from20the20northern20mariana20islands2c201988-199020micronesica20vol.202420no.20220dec.201991-6.pdf (5.77 MB)
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22. Bryan, Jr. E.H 1966. Scientific Information about Micronesia. Micronesica. 2 (2): 263-264. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 June 1966.
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Scientific Information about Micronesia

Bryan, Jr. E.H

The Pacific Scientific Information Center was founded in April 1960. Its purpose is to serve as a clearinghouse for scientific information, chiefly on the natural and social sciences, one might say, "Man in his total environment," in the oceanic Pacific (Polynesia, Micronesia, Melanesia and New Guinea) and closely related areas. Its work has been sponsored by Bernice P. Bishop Museum, and supported by grants from the National Science Foundation, Washington, D.C., and aid from other cooperating organizations and agencies.
(This is the first paragraph. There is no abstract.)
Micronesica 2 (2): 263-264, 1966.
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scientific_information_about_micronesia_by_bryan_jr._e.h._-_micronesica_vol._2_part_2_jun._1966o.pdf (755.79 KB)
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22. Nicholson, E.M 1969. Draft Check List of Pacific Oceanic Islands. Micronesica. 5 (2): 327-464. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 December 1969.
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Draft Check List of Pacific Oceanic Islands

Nicholson, E.M

It is a principal object of IBP/CT to establish a comprehensive and permanent scientific basis for understanding and monitoring the care of the natural environment throughout the world. On the micro scale this is being pursued mainly through the completion and analysis of the IBP/CT Check Sheets with the aid of computer resources. On the macro scale it will be necessary to prepare a world list of territories indicating their main relevant characteristics and status and showing in respect of each vegetation formation or other ecological unit its distribution and state of conservation, with a view to appropriate action.
(This is the first paragraph. There is no abstract.)
Micronesica 5 (2): 327-464, 1969.
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checklist_of_pacific_oceanic_islands_by_douglas_g._-_micronesica_vol.5_no.2_dec._1969_o.pdf (14.06 MB)
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22. Pietrusewsky, M., R.M. Ikehara-Quebral & T.L. Hunt 1997. A Lapita-Associated Skeleton from Waya Island, Fiji. Micronesica. 30(2): 355-388. Date Revised/Accepted: 25 June 1997.
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A Lapita-Associated Skeleton from Waya Island, Fiji

Pietrusewsky, M., R.M. Ikehara-Quebral & T.L. Hunt

A relatively complete and well-preserved skeleton of a 40-50 year old male, associated with Lapita ceramics from Site Y2-25, near Yalobi Village, Waya Island, Fiji, is described. Radiometric dating of the site and of the skeleton indicates the individual lived ca. 2700 years ago(BP). The cranium is short, mesocranic, and high. The face is non-projecting and the orbits and nasal aperture are of medium shape. Caries infection, extreme tooth wear, periodontal disease, premortem tooth loss,and hypercementosis are evident. The upper long limb bones exhibit moderately strong muscle markings while the lower limb bones are more gracile. Living stature is estimated to have been ca 170 cm. A supraclavicular foramen, an oval-shaped fovea capitis, and tibial and talar squatting facets are present. Paleopathological changes observed in the skeleton include cranial osteoporosis, a possible maxillary sinus infection, degenerative osteoarthritis, and slight-to-moderately developed occipital superstructures. Stresses, involving heavy mastication and strenuous physical activity, are at least partly responsible for some of the features observed in this and other Lapita-associated skeletal remains. Limited multivariate comparisons, including the use of FORDISC 2.0 and CRANID2, suggest morphological similarities between the new Fiji cranium and crania from East and Southeast Asia, the presumed homeland of Austronesian-speaking peoples.
Micronesica 30(2): 355-388, 1997.
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5_-_pietrusewskyocr.pdf (1.61 MB)
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22. Muniappan, R., J.G. Duenas, & T. Blas 1980. Biological Control of the Palau Coconut Beetle, Brontispa palauensis (Esaki and Chujo), on Guam. Micronesica. 16 (2): 359-360. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 December 1980.
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Biological Control of the Palau Coconut Beetle, Brontispa palauensis (Esaki and Chujo), on Guam

Muniappan, R., J.G. Duenas, & T. Blas

There are three species of coconut beetles, i.e., Brontispa mariana Spaeth, Brontispa palauensis (Esaki and Chujo), and Brontispa chalybeipennis (Zacher), known to occur in the Micronesian region. Their geographical distribution within Micronesia is very distinct. B. mariana in Saipan, Tinian, Rota, Yap, and Truk Islands; B. palauensis in Palau Islands (except Ngaiangl and Angaur); and B. chalybeipennis in Ponape, Kosrae, and Marshall Islands have been recorded (Gressitt, 1955). The primary host of these beetles is coconut palm, Cocos nucifera L. However, B. palauensis and B. chalybeipennis have been observed to feed on young Pandanus sp. and Exorrhiza ponapensis, respectively, in addition to coconut.
(This is the first paragraph. There is no abstract.)
Micronesica 16 (2): 359-360, 1980.
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biological_control_of_the_palau_coconut_bettle_brontispa_palauensis_on_guam-muniappan_r._duenas_j.g._blas_t.-micronesica_vol.16_no.2_dec._1980o.pdf (2.57 MB)
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22. Ng, P.K.L. & N.K. Ng 2003. Conleyus defodio, a new genus and new species of carcinoplacine crab (Crustacea: Brachyura: Goneplacidae) from deep rubble beds in Guam. Micronesica. 35-36: 431-439.
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Conleyus defodio, a new genus and new species of carcinoplacine crab (Crustacea: Brachyura: Goneplacidae) from deep rubble beds in Guam

Ng, P.K.L. & N.K. Ng

A new genus and new species of carcinoplacine crab is described from the rubble beds of Guam. The external appearance of Conleyus defodio resembles members of Planopilumnus (Planopilumninae) but its reproductive structures are typically carcinoplacine.
Micronesica 35-36: 431-439, 2003.
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23. Eldredge, L.G 1976. lndo-Pacific Ascidian Studies. Micronesica. 12 (1): 197-198. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 June 1976.
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lndo-Pacific Ascidian Studies

Eldredge, L.G

Ascidians are sessile tunicates which are cosmopolitan, occurring in all seas, at all depths. All the species are generally considered to belong to fourteen families. As with the other small-sized and virtually noneconomic invertebrates, little work is being carried out at present. Older expedition reports were extensive and well illustrated, but, unfortunately, almost none of these are useable in the identification of specimens from the shallow waters of the islands. Studies for ascidians in Japanese waters continues. Tokioka's (1953) work on Sagami Bay is probably one of the most valuable, but it contains no keys to assist in identification.
(This is the first paragraph. There is no abstract.)
Micronesica 12 (1): 197-198, 1976.
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indo-pacific_ascidian_studies_by_eldredge_l.g._-micronesica_vol.12_no.1._jun._1976_o.pdf (798.02 KB)
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