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2. Hymowitz, T., R.J. Singh, & R.P. Larkin 1990. Long-distance Dispersal: The Case for the Allopolyploid Glycine tabacina (Labill.) Benth. and G. tomentella Hayata in the West-Central Pacific. Micronesica. 23 (1): 5-13. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 June 1990.
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Long-distance Dispersal: The Case for the Allopolyploid Glycine tabacina (Labill.) Benth. and G. tomentella Hayata in the West-Central Pacific.

Hymowitz, T., R.J. Singh, & R.P. Larkin

Fourteen diploid (2n = 40) perennial species in the genus Glycine Willd. subgenus Glycine are endemic to the Australian region. However, the allopolyploid cytotypes (2n = 80) of G. tabacina (Labill.) Benth. and G. tomentella Hayata have a wider distribution. The allopolyploid members of G. tabacina are found in Australia and on islands in the South and West-Central Pacific. Similarly, the allopolyploid members of G. tomentella occur in the Australian region and in the West-Central Pacific. Most probably, migratory birds are the dissemination vector for the allopolyploid members of G. tabacina and G. tomentella across the equator from the Australian region to the West-Central Pacific.
Micronesica 23 (1): 5-13, 1990.
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Hymowitz, Singh, & Larkin 1990
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2-_long20distance20dispersal20the20case20for20allopolyploid20micronesica20vol.202320no.20120june201990.pdf (339.1 KB)
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2. Massin, C. & D.J.W. Lane 1991. Description of a New Species of Sea Cucumber (Stichopodidae, Holothuroidea, Echinodermata) from the Eastern lndo-Malayan Archipelago: Thelenota rubralineata n. sp. Micronesica. 24 (1): 57-64. Date Revised/Accepted: 26 June 1990.
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Description of a New Species of Sea Cucumber (Stichopodidae, Holothuroidea, Echinodermata) from the Eastern lndo-Malayan Archipelago: Thelenota rubralineata n. sp.

Massin, C. & D.J.W. Lane

Thelenota rubralineata n. sp. is described from specimens off Indonesia and Papua New Guinea. This colorful shallow water species is compared with T. anax and T. ananas. A short note is given on its behavior.
Micronesica 24 (1): 57-64, 1991.
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Massin & Lane 1991
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article2combo.pdf (545.46 KB)
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2. Camacho, P.D 1993. Welcome to the Conference. Micronesica. 26(1): 7 Date Revised/Accepted: 29 May 1992.
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Welcome to the Conference

Camacho, P.D

Good  afternoon  Lt.  Governor  Blas, Archbishop  Apuron,  Trustee  Taitano, distinguished guests. On behalf of the Board of Trustees and the Guam  Memorial Hospital  Authority,  I would like to welcome you all to the Guam  Toxic  Seaweed Scientific Conference. Last year attention  was focused on Guam because of several tragic deaths.  These  individuals  apparently  had  one  thing  in  common:  they  had eaten  a  local  seaweed  prior  to  the  onset  of  their  illness.  Physicians  and  other health  professionals  went  beyond  the  call  of  duty  in  providing  care  for  those patients at that  time. The purpose  of today's  conference is to discuss the  findings of  research  activities  that  have  taken  place  since  then  and  are  related  to  that event. Information  and discussion today will play a major role in the development of a medical management  program  in the event  there  is a reoccurrence of similar illness. We would like to extend  our thanks to each of the conference participants for their  contribution. 

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Micronesica 26(1): 7 1993.
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Camacho 1993
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261_confart02ed.pdf (44.38 KB)
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2. Lessa, W.A 1974. Drake in the Marianas?. Micronesica. 10 (1): 7-9. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 June 1974.
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Drake in the Marianas?

Lessa, W.A

Neither the ethnological nor the geographical evidence contained in the documentary sources pertaining to Francis Drake's first landfall after leaving the California coast in 1577 on his way around the globe indicates that this place was in the Marianas. Two island groups in the Carolines-Palau and Yap-are far better candidates; but the decision as to which of these two is the right one lies outside the scope of the present discussion.
Micronesica 10 (1): 7-9, 1974.
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Lessa 1974
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drake_in_the_marianas_by_lessa_w.a._-micronesica_vol._10_no.1_jun._1974_o.pdf (1.43 MB)
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2. Riesenberg, S.H 1975. The Ghost Islands of the Carolines. Micronesica. 11 (1): 7-34. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 July 1975.
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The Ghost Islands of the Carolines

Riesenberg, S.H

The native names of three islands of the Carolines have been misapplied on modern maps to neighboring islands, each name displacing the correct name of the island to the east. These names, in altered form, are Gaferut, West Fayu, and Pikelot. The name of a fourth, mythical place has been similarly misapplied to the westernmost of the three, Gaferut. The first error seems to have been made in 1804 by Don Luis de Torres, who misunderstood the information supplied him on his voyage of discovery by a Woleai navigator. The second error, which occurred in 1905, seems attributable to District Magistrate Arno Senfft, who apparently mistook sailing directions given him by a Lamotrek man to the mythical island of Kaafirór (cognate to Gaferut) as applicable to a real place. Kaafirór is supposed to lie northeast of Yap; it has vanished, due to fear of the Spanish, but it reappears now and then; possibly there is a real basis for this myth. It may be the same place as Sepin, which is also said to have disappeared, but which Yapese identify with Hunter's Reef.
Micronesica 11 (1): 7-34, 1975.
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Riesenberg 1975
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the_ghost_islands_of_the_carolines_by_riesenberg_s.h._-_micronesica_vol.11_no.1_jul._1975_o.pdf (2.75 MB)
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2. Laguana, A., H. Kurashina, M.T. Carson, J.A. Peterson, J.M. Bayman, T. Ames, R. Stephenson, J. Aguon & I.D.K.H. Putra 2012. Estorian i latte: A story of latte. Micronesica. 42(1/2): 80-120. Date Revised/Accepted: 28 January 2010.
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Estorian i latte: A story of latte

Laguana, A., H. Kurashina, M.T. Carson, J.A. Peterson, J.M. Bayman, T. Ames, R. Stephenson, J. Aguon & I.D.K.H. Putra

Estorian i latte, a narrative of the megaliths unique to the Mariana Islands in the western Pacific region, is an interdisciplinary endeavor undertaken by researchers in architecture and the humanities and social sciences. Historical written records dating back to the Spanish Era (16th-19th Centuries) substantiate the primary function of latte as house foundations. Latte can be viewed as part of the pile-built architectural tradition which is common among many Austronesian- speaking societies in Insular Southeast Asia and the western Pacific. Possible origins of latte are investigated utilizing recent findings of mtDNA research as well as relevant linguistic, archaeological, and socio-historical data. Within the rubric of inter-disciplinary studies, the rati stone of Sumba, the rante stone of Sulawesi, and the bale with haligi of the northern Philippines are examined as exhibiting possible links to latte of the Marianas. The authors suggest that latte may be interpreted as a hybrid of architectural concepts originating from various parts of Insular Southeast Asia. From the perspectives of the researchers, the latte represents a direct adaptive response to the tropical climate of the Marianas, as well as the archipelago’s seismic activity, geography, and environment, with some local socio-cultural variations in manifestations. To conclude this study, attempts are made to reconstruct a virtual latte house based on pertinent historical data, utilizing computer generated 3D graphics.
Micronesica 42(1/2): 80-120, 2012.
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Laguana Et al 2012
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2_smlaguana_pp80-120.pdf (2.21 MB)
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2. Buden, D.W 1995. Reptiles, Birds, and Mammals of Mokil and Pingelap Atolls, Eastern Caroline Islands. Micronesica. 28(1): 9-23. Date Revised/Accepted: 30 November 1994.
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Reptiles, Birds, and Mammals of Mokil and Pingelap Atolls, Eastern Caroline Islands

Buden, D.W

This is  the  first  systematic  survey  of  vertebrates  on  Mokil and Pingelap atolls, Pohnpei  State, Federated State of Micronesia. Fourteen  species of reptiles,  17 birds,  and  four mammals  are recorded  from Mokil Atoll,  five of the  reptiles  and  four  of the  birds  for the  first time. Eleven  species  of  reptiles,  20  birds,  and  four  mammals  are  recorded from  Pingelap Atoll, two of the  reptiles and  14 of the birds  for the  first time.  Previous  records  of  the  lizard Lipinia  noctua and  four  birds  on Mokil are considered hypothetical  or represent  introductions  that  never became  established,  and  they  have  been  omitted  from  the  faunal  list. No  terrestrial  vertebrate  is  endemic  to  any  of  the  islands  and  all  the resident  species tend  to  be  widespread  in  Micronesia.  The  established introductions  include all of the mammals (Felis catus, Sus scrofa, Rattus exulans), the  Red  Junglefowl (Gallus  gallus), and  the  monitor  lizard (Varanus indicus). Introduced  dogs (Canis familiaris) have  been  extirpated  in  recent  years. The  Micronesian  Starling (Aplonis  opaca) is  the only  resident  land  bird,  occurring  on  Mokil  but  not  Pingelap.  All the terrestrial  reptile  species occur  in forest, the  most  common  habitat,  but show perch  site  selectivity and  other  habitat  preferences. 
Micronesica 28(1): 9-23, 1995.
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Buden 1995
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281_article_02ed.pdf (866.2 KB)
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2. Kitalong, A.H 2008. Forests of Palau: a long-term perspective. Micronesica. 40(1/2): 9-31. Date Revised/Accepted: 12 December 2007.
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Forests of Palau: a long-term perspective

Kitalong, A.H

The Republic of Palau is an archipelago of the Caroline Islands (latitudes 8 ̊12' to 2 ̊48' and longitudes 131 ̊07' to 134 ̊44') with over 802 native plants of which 18.7% are endemic. Forest vegetation growth ranged from 0.04% to 0.22% yr-1 in three decades. Forest patches in Babeldaob showed differential growth rates with an overall rate of expansion of 38 m2 yr-1. Nine patches expanded at an average rate of 608 m2 yr-1, three patches decreased at a rate of 1267 m2 yr-1 and 34 patches showed no change. Uncommon endemic species occurred in stable, wet and inaccessible areas of Babeldaob including Parkia parvifoliola and Terminalia crassipes. Dominant trees include Campnosperma brevipetiolata, Horsfieldia spp., Maranthes corymbosa and Alphitonia carolinensis. One large limestone island had a higher percentage of endemic trees (16.4%) than ten smaller limestone islands (11%). Within the island cluster, the larger islands had more species (mean = 26.8) than the smaller islands (mean = 7.8). A 2001 survey of 90 homes indicated that Areca catechu, Cocos nucifera and Mangifera indica were the most common trees. Year round and synchronous spring and fall flowering and fruiting was observed for dominant tree species. Endemic trees tend to have smaller fruits. Broad reproductive periods, easily dispersed seeds, seeds with thick exocarps and dwarfism are adaptations that may help trees survive climate change and human disturbance on small islands. The invasive trees, Falcataria moluccana and Adenanthera pavonina are considered threats to native forests. National land use and forest policies are needed to ensure that Palau’s forests remain intact into the next century.
Micronesica 40(1/2): 9-31, 2008.
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Kitalong 2008
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2. Hunter-Anderson, R.L 1990. Foreword. Micronesica. Suppl. 2: ii-iii. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 January 1990.
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Foreword

Hunter-Anderson, R.L

This volume contains a selection of papers presented at the Micronesian Archaeological Conference, convened on Guam September 9-12, 1987. The Guam conference was the first international scholarly meeting entirely devoted to Micronesian prehistory and physical anthropology. It was jointly sponsored by the University of Guam and the IndoPacific Prehistory Association and was funded in part by the University of Guam, the National Science Foundation, the National Endowment for the Humanities, and the Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research. In-kind support was provided by the Government of Guam Department of Parks and Recreation. On behalf of conference co-organizer Michael Graves and my colleagues at the University of Guam, it is a pleasure to acknowledge the generous support of these agencies. Without it we could not have had such a productive and enjoyable meeting nor indeed have produced the present volume.

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Micronesica Suppl. 2: ii-iii, 1990.
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Hunter-Anderson 1990
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supp02-02ed.pdf (58.49 KB)
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3. Camperio Ciani, J.F., R. Jones & F.T. Barrows 2020. Performance of fishmeal-free rabbitfish (Siganus lineatus) feed in Palau. Micronesica. 2020-3: 1-11. Date Revised/Accepted: 12 March 2021.
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Performance of fishmeal-free rabbitfish (Siganus lineatus) feed in Palau

Camperio Ciani, J.F., R. Jones & F.T. Barrows

Two 56-day trials were conducted to evaluate the effects on the performance and feed utilization efficiency of four experimental diets formulated with different plant-based meals to completely replace fish meal for juvenile golden-lined rabbitfish (Siganus lineatus). A commercial and currently employed feed was used as control, while the experimental diets were formulated and manufactured with a combination of duckweed (Lentein), fermented soybean (MrFeed Pro50s), soy protein concentrate (Profine), and soybean meal. Each trial had a total of 120 fish (trial 1: 9.29 ± 0.14 g/fish; trial 2: 7.74 ± 0.25 g/fish) stocked in groups of 10 in a total of 12 floating cages (47.7 L) within two 3-ton flow-through tanks (Koror, Palau). Control and experimental diets were fed to quadruplet cages by hand to visual satiation for one hour four times a day to a maximum of 5% body weight in trial 1, and two times per day to a maximum of 3% body weight in trial 2. Trial 1 tested diet 1 (42% Lentein, 15% MrPro50s) and diet 2 (42% Lentein, 15% soybean meal) with no significant differences (p > 0.05) in terms of growth performances (final weight, weight gain and specific growth rate) and feed utilization (feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio), while feed intake was significantly different (p < 0.05). Trial 2 tested diet 3 (23% soy protein concentrate, 20% soybean meal) and diet 4 (27% soy protein concentrate, 10% soybean meal) with significant differences in terms of growth performances but no differences in terms of feed utilization and feed intake. Survival was unaffected by the treatments (p > 0.05).
Micronesica 2020-3: 1-11, 2020.
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camperioetal2020.pdf (678.75 KB)
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3. Kerr, A.M. 2023. Katot yan panao: A case study of indigenous botanical nomenclature in the scientific literature. Micronesica. 2023-3: 1-20. Date Revised/Accepted: 28 May 2024.
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Katot yan panao: A case study of indigenous botanical nomenclature in the scientific literature

Kerr, A.M.

Abstract— This paper explores how indigenous plant names have been referenced in the botanical literature. There are two species of trees in the Mariana Islands known in the indigenous language Chamoru as katot, a word referencing their irritating hairs and bark, Dendrocnide latifolia (Gaudich.) Chew (Urticaceae) and Claoxylon marianum Muell.Arg. (Euphorbiaceae). At least some speakers additionally distinguish between the two species, respectively, via the terms katot palao'an (“female katot”) and katot låhi, (“male katot”). The latter species, C. marianum and at least one unidentified species has also been recorded in the literature as panao, an untranslatable term with many Austronesian cognates that is also applied to another tree Guettarda speciosa L. (Rubiaceae). Despite its early provenance, this name's application to C. marianum appears in error and in the Marianas the name panao (or pånao) has likely only referred to G. speciosa just as it does today.
 
Sumåria— Guini, hu tattiyi dos na nå'an tinanom fino' håya gi amko' na tinigi' fino' lågu siha. Guaha dos na klåsen tronku mafana'an katot sa' pápago' siha annai ma pacha': Dendrocnide latifolia (Gaudich.) Chew (Urticaceae) yan Claoxylon marianum Muell.Arg. (Euphorbiaceae). Para distengge ma usa palu taotao i na'an siha katot palao'an yan katot låhi. I mina'dos na tronku C. marianum mafana'an panao gi lepblo siha kumu unu pat dos mås na tronku, lokkue': Guettarda speciosa L. (Rubiaceae) yan puedi otru na klåsi ni ma tugi' na maolek para maderas yan tåpbla lao ti ma tungo' i na'an gi fino' lågu. Yanggen G. speciosa i klåsen tronku ni ti ma tungo', guse'ña este ha' na tronku gi iya Mariånas ni mafana'an panao pat pånao åntes di i tiempon Españót esta på'go.
 
Micronesica 2023-3: 1-20, 2023.
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Kerr_2023
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kerr2023.pdf (1.04 MB)
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3. Hunter-Anderson, R.L 1990. Micronesian Archaeological Conference Resolutions. Micronesica. Suppl. 2: 1-2. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 January 1990.
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Micronesian Archaeological Conference Resolutions

Hunter-Anderson, R.L

I. Whereas additional research in linguistics, particularly historical linguistics, could help to answer many questions about population movements in Micronesia, and whereas research of this kind in the Micronesian region has been comparatively neglected,
Resolved: that linguistic research should be fostered and efforts made to stimulate linguistic interest in this region.

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Micronesica Suppl. 2: 1-2, 1990.
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Resolutions 1990
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supp02-03ed.pdf (78.79 KB)
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3. Parker, D.M., G.H. Balazs, M.R. Rice & S.M. Tomkeiwicz 2014. Variability in Reception Duration of Dual Satellite Tags on Sea Turtles Tracked in the Pacific Ocean. Micronesica. 2014-03: 1-8. Date Revised/Accepted: 03 June 2014.
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Variability in Reception Duration of Dual Satellite Tags on Sea Turtles Tracked in the Pacific Ocean

Parker, D.M., G.H. Balazs, M.R. Rice & S.M. Tomkeiwicz

Variability in satellite transmitter life has often been examined in terrestrial studies, however not in a marine setting. In this study, two transmitters per turtle were attached to loggerhead turtles (N=15), green turtles (N=2) and olive ridleys (N=3) to see if mortality could be determined and to examine variability between tags. Factors examined in this paper were reception duration or how long we received tag data, the habitat area where transmissions stopped, and the differences between reception duration. The results show that variation in transmission reception between identical transmitters ranged widely. Five of our 20 pairs (25%) had significant differences in duration between the tag pairs that could not be explained with normal tag variation; Four pairs had zero days difference in duration between the tag pair. Our data verifies that multiple factors need to be examined in order to determine the final outcome of tracking due to the variability in tags.
Micronesica 2014-03: 1-8, 2014.
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Parker Et al 2014
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2014-3_parker_et_al_2014_final.pdf (4.73 MB)
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3. Olsen, A.R. & M. Eberdong 2017. Survey of the Non-Migratory Birds of the Rock Islands Southern Lagoon World Heritage Site in Palau. Micronesica. 2017-03: 1-6. Date Revised/Accepted: 11 March 2017.
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Survey of the Non-Migratory Birds of the Rock Islands Southern Lagoon World Heritage Site in Palau

Olsen, A.R. & M. Eberdong

Our field survey of the 10 island groups in the Rock Islands Southern Lagoon UNESCO World Heritage Site in Palau found a cumulative total of 37 species of non-migratory wild birds including 13 endemic to Palau and 5 endemic to Micronesia. Previous surveys of Palau’s avifauna reported a cumulative total of 29 non-migratory wild bird species for the site. We also observed 5 migratory bird species, 2 non-migratory species of bats, nesting activity by 9 non-migratory bird species and a larger range than previously known for the endemic Giant White-eye, Megazosterops palauensis.
Micronesica 2017-03: 1-6, 2017.
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Olsen & Eberdong 2017
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olseneberdongproofv2.pdf (271.46 KB)
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3. Parker, D.M., G.H. Balazs, K. Frutchey, E. Kabua, M. Langidrik & K. Boktok 2015. Conservation considerations revealed by the movements of post-nesting green turtles from the Republic of the Marshall Islands. Micronesica. 2015-03: 1-9. Date Revised/Accepted: 02 October 2015.
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Conservation considerations revealed by the movements of post-nesting green turtles from the Republic of the Marshall Islands

Parker, D.M., G.H. Balazs, K. Frutchey, E. Kabua, M. Langidrik & K. Boktok

 In 2007, five adult female green turtles (Chelonia mydas) nesting at Erikub Atoll, Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI), were satellite tagged and tracked to various parts of the Pacific. The turtles’ travels ranged between approximately 2800 and 6900 km and showed different behaviors – directed travel and pelagic travel. The turtles traveled through multiple Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs) in both the North and South Pacific and final positions were recorded near Palawan Island, Philippines; Tarawa, Republic of Kiribati; Bikini Atoll, RMI; South of Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia, and pelagic waters east of Mili Atoll, RMI. This study shows the international connectivity of green turtles nesting in this area and the results can be used to exchange information and enhance regional conservation efforts between nations that share these endangered and culturally important turtle resources.
Micronesica 2015-03: 1-9, 2015.
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Parker Et Al 2015
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parkeretal2015finalv1.pdf (4.25 MB)
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3. Saito, T., M. Kurita, H. Okamoto, Y. Kakizoe, D. Parker, M. Rice, J. Polovina & G. Balazs 2018. Satellite tracking immature loggerhead turtles in temperate and subarctic ocean habitats around the Sea of Japan. Micronesica. 2018-3: 1-20. Date Revised/Accepted: 18 March 2018.
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Satellite tracking immature loggerhead turtles in temperate and subarctic ocean habitats around the Sea of Japan

Saito, T., M. Kurita, H. Okamoto, Y. Kakizoe, D. Parker, M. Rice, J. Polovina & G. Balazs

The distribution limits of North Pacific loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta, within the Sea of Japan are unknown, but are suspected to be linked to a decrease in winter sea surface temperature. Immature loggerheads in the Sea of Japan are thought to follow the prevailing current via a southern route, or to leave from the north with extensions of the warm current, or are unable to leave when winter approaches. Here, we investigated the migrations of 30 immature captive-reared turtles of 26.5 to 75.2 cm SCL at 2–6 years of age released off the central Sea of Japan in summer of 2011 using satellite telemetry to ascertain 1) the seasonal movements of immature loggerheads and 2) their behavior in the subarctic zone. Nineteen turtles successfully left the Sea of Japan, mainly via the Soya Straittraveling into the North Pacific; however, eleven did not leave and may have died due to stranding during the winter. Their excursion paths were similar to migrations of wild turtles. The presence of exit routes suggests that immature loggerheads entering the Sea of Japan can disperse successfully and contribute to the North Pacific subpopulation. During the summer of 2011, the turtles that left the Sea of Japan experienced water temperatures that were relatively wide ranging and lower than turtles that stayed in Sea of Japan. The sea surface temperatures (SSTs) experienced by the turtles that left the Sea of Japan were significantly different from those of the time percent temperatures (TPTs) (range: 17–35 °C vs. 5–35 °C, mode: 23–25 °C vs. 10–15 °C). The relatively lower TPTs may be due to their active diving behaviors. In contrast, the SSTs and TPTs (range: 10–35 °C, mode: 21–23 °C) experienced by the turtles that stayed in the Sea of Japan were almost identical. Success in leaving the Sea of Japan could be related to a higher frequency of dives, although further research is required to confirm this.
Micronesica 2018-3: 1-20, 2018.
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Saito et al 2018
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SaitoEtAl2018.pdf (920 KB)
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3. Tuquero, J. & M. Marutani 2019. Influence of Mycorrhizae and Irrigation on Growth and Mineral Uptake by Corn (Zea mays L.) Seedlings in a Calcareous Soil. Micronesica. 2019-3: 1-15. Date Revised/Accepted: 17 December 2019.
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Influence of Mycorrhizae and Irrigation on Growth and Mineral Uptake by Corn (Zea mays L.) Seedlings in a Calcareous Soil

Tuquero, J. & M. Marutani

A pot experiment was conducted to determine the influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus Glomus aggregatum and four levels of water application on early stage of growth and nutrient uptake of corn seedlings (Zea mays L.) in a calcareous soil (Lithic Ustorthents). Mycorrhizal inoculation significantly increased dry biomass of shoots and roots, leaf width, chlorophyll contents, and uptake of minerals N, P, K, Mg, Ca, Fe, Mn, B, Cu, and Zn regardless of irrigation level. Water treatments influenced leaf width, dry biomass of shoots and roots, and mineral uptake of N, P, K, Mg, Ca, Mn, and Zn, but not chlorophyll content and uptake of Fe, B, and Cu. Nonmycorrhizal plants with the lowest water exhibited the least plant growth.
Micronesica 2019-3: 1-15, 2019.
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TuqueroMarutani2019
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TuqueroMarutani2019.pdf (547.46 KB)
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3. VanderWerf, E.A. 2024. Previously Undescribed Plumages and Survival Estimates of the Tinian Monarch and Yap Monarch. Micronesica. 2024-3: 1-10. Date Revised/Accepted: 14 August 2024.
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Previously Undescribed Plumages and Survival Estimates of the Tinian Monarch and Yap Monarch

VanderWerf, E.A.

The Tinian Monarch (Monarcha takatsukasae) and Yap Monarch (M. godeffroyi) are forest birds in the monarch flycatcher family (Monarchidae) and are endemic to their respective islands. I collected data on the Tinian Monarch during the post- delisting monitoring in 2006 and 2007. I made field observation on the Yap Monarch on 13-14 May 2005. I describe the juvenile plumage of the Tinian Monarch and a predefinitive plumage of the Yap Monarch, neither of which have been described previously. I estimated annual survival of each species using simple methods based on the proportion of adults in the population. Juvenile Tinian Monarchs differ from adults by having a yellow (instead of gray) base to the lower bill, and buff-colored feather tips on the wing bars and rump, instead of entirely white feathers as in adults. First-year birds in formative plumage are similar to older birds but can continue to be identified by the yellow coloration to the bill and molt limits among wing feathers. Predefinitive plumages of male and female Yap Monarchs differ from the black and white definitive basic (adult) plumages by having irregular brownish patches throughout the body that are similar in color to juvenile plumage. The annual survival rate of Tinian Monarchs was 0.89 based on the proportion of adults captured in mist nets. The annual survival rate of Yap Monarchs was 0.89 based on the proportion of adults observed during field surveys. These survival estimates may be overestimates because younger birds are more difficult to observe and capture, but are useful for helping to assess the conservation status of the species.
Micronesica 2024-3: 1-10, 2024.
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3. Katoh, S., K. Takayama, H. Kato, M. Marutani, N. Murakami, M. Martinez, J. Manglona, J. Tuquero, & J. McConnell 2021. Genetic diversity of Serianthes nelsonii on Guam and Rota. Micronesica. 2021-03: 1-10. Date Revised/Accepted: 02 August 2021.
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Genetic diversity of Serianthes nelsonii on Guam and Rota

Katoh, S., K. Takayama, H. Kato, M. Marutani, N. Murakami, M. Martinez, J. Manglona, J. Tuquero, & J. McConnell

Serianthes nelsonii Merr. is an endemic leguminous tree found in limestone forests of Guam and Rota in the Mariana Islands. It is an endangered species. Plant recovery efforts have focused on plant surveys, phenological studies, seed propagation, and field out- plantings. This study was conducted to understand the genetic structure of S. nelsonii populations on Guam and Rota for the conservation program utilizing genetically unique germlines of the species. Samples were obtained from wild Rota trees, outplanted Rota trees, the lone Guam S. nelsonii mother tree and its seedlings. A genome-wide multiplexed inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) genotyping by sequencing (MIG-seq) analysis was used for single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) detection. The STRUCTURE analysis showed a clear genetic differentiation between plants from the two islands, between Rota wild trees and Rota out-planted tree populations, and among individuals from Rota out-planted trees. Lower genetic diversity in the Guam seedlings population was observed, which might have been due to the selfing of the Guam mother tree. This study provides the first genetic information on S. nelsonii in Guam and Rota. In-situ protection and ex-situ establishment of S. nelsonii populations should consider genetic data in developing a conservative management plan.
Micronesica 2021-03: 1-10, 2021.
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katohetal2021.pdf (518.35 KB)
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3. Cordy, R. 2022. The Leluh Royal Tombs and Pre-Contact Mortuary Patterns on Kosrae Island, Micronesia. Micronesica. 2022-03: 1-34. Date Revised/Accepted: 29 December 2022.
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The Leluh Royal Tombs and Pre-Contact Mortuary Patterns on Kosrae Island, Micronesia

Cordy, R.

At European Contact (1824), Kosrae was a unified polity (kingdom) and had one of the most hierarchical political organizations in Micronesia, with four hierarchical levels identified by Kosraeans and foreigners – the ruler (the Tokosra, Tokosrah or Tohkohsrah in modern spelling), high chiefs (lwem fulat), low chiefs (mwetsuksuk), and commoners (mwetsriksrik). Its ruling center on the small island of Leluh was somewhat similar to Nan Madol on Pohnpei with some high-walled compounds of prismatic basalt. This polity and its 4-level organization has been hypothesized to extend back to ca. 1400 AD, and possibly into the 1300s, based on extensive archaeological work focused on residential patterns on the main island and Leluh. This paper provides an initial look at mortuary patterns. Oral historical and historical records identify burial patterns from 1750-1850. The rulers’ remains were placed in tombs in special mortuary compounds in the center of Leluh, while high chiefs were buried in graves in their dwelling compounds. Burial rituals included exhumation of the remains of the ruler and high chiefs and their eventual burial in a reef-hole off Leluh. Archaeological data here provide evidence on burials back to the 1300s, including previously unpublished 1982-1984 archaeological work in the royal tombs in Leluh. Burial information more precisely places the formation of Kosrae’s 4-level organization to the mid-1300s-1400 AD.
Micronesica 2022-03: 1-34, 2022.
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3. Al-Handal, A.Y., P. Compére & C. Riaux-Gobin 2016. Marine benthic diatoms in the coral reefs of Reunion and Rodrigues Islands, West Indian Ocean. Micronesica. 2016-03: 1-78. Date Revised/Accepted: 20 December 2016.
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Marine benthic diatoms in the coral reefs of Reunion and Rodrigues Islands, West Indian Ocean

Al-Handal, A.Y., P. Compére & C. Riaux-Gobin

The present study provides the first detailed list of diatoms from the coral reefs of Reunion and Rodrigues Islands in the Western Indian Ocean. The list includes 141 taxa belonging to 59 genera excluding many taxa previously described or partially reported in separate works from the region. Many of the taxa recorded are not known from habitats outside the coral reef environments. Sampling was carried out for several years starting 2005 and collected from various types of habitats. The islands are rich in diatoms and several species were recently described as new to science. Several taxa with no clear identity have not been treated in this report and require detailed taxonomic investigation. Apart from Cocconeis with 18 species, no other genus seemed to be widely diversified.
 
Micronesica 2016-03: 1-78, 2016.
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alhandaletal2016textproofvfinal2.pdf (12.61 MB)
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3. Lasley, R.M. & P.K.L. Ng 2013. A new species of the crab genus Zozymodes (Crustacea: Decapoda: Xanthidae) from Guam. Micronesica. 2013-03: 1-12. Date Revised/Accepted: 28 March 2013.
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A new species of the crab genus Zozymodes (Crustacea: Decapoda: Xanthidae) from Guam

Lasley, R.M. & P.K.L. Ng

A new species of xanthid crab, Zozymodes sculptus sp. nov., from Guam is described and illustrated. Zozymodes sculptus is distinguished from its congeners Z. cavipes (Dana, 1852a), Z. nodosus Klunzinger, 1913, Z. pumilus (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1846), Z. xanthoides (Krauss, 1843), and Z. demani Odhner, 1925, by its unusual raised crests of the carapace, two anterior-pointing anterolateral teeth, deep furrow formed by parallel crests on the superior margin of the chelae, and proportionately more narrow carapace. 

Micronesica 2013-03: 1-12, 2013.
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Lasley & Ng 2013 High Resolution
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2013-03_lasley-ng_zozymodes_print-res.pdf (23.92 MB)
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3. Ryu, E. & R.L. Haddock 1974. Leptospirosis Within the Territory of Guam: Prevalence Among Canines. Micronesica. 10 (1): 10-16. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 June 1974.
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Leptospirosis Within the Territory of Guam: Prevalence Among Canines

Ryu, E. & R.L. Haddock

A serological survey of leptospirosis in 180 stray or abandoned dogs was conducted on Guam and revealed that the prevalence of dog serum reactivity to leptospiral antigens was unexpectedly low. Only three of the specimens examined were considered positive. One specimen was positive for both Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae and L. canicola, and two specimens were positive for L. icterohaemorrhagiae only.
Micronesica 10 (1): 10-16, 1974.
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Ryu & Haddock 1974
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leptospirosis_within_the_territory_of_guam-_prevalence_among_canines_by_ryu_e._r.l._haddock-micronesica_vol._10_no.1_jun._1974_o.pdf (817.46 KB)
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3. Gilbert, W.J. & M.S. Doty 1969. Some Additional Records of Philippine Marine Chlorophyta. Micronesica. 5 (1): 121-130. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 July 1969.
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Some Additional Records of Philippine Marine Chlorophyta

Gilbert, W.J. & M.S. Doty

The following report concerns collections of marine algae selected from larger collections made in the Philippines in 1958 and more recently. Of the algae reported, the following are new records for the Philippines: Enteromorpha aragoensis Bliding, E. intermedia Bliding, Chamaedoris orientalis Okamura, Rhipiliopsis peltata (J. Agardh) A. and E.S. Gepp and Udotea glaucescens (Harvey) J. Agardh. In addition, the collections contain material of Trichosolen, a genus heretofore unreported from the Philippines, but it was not possible to designate the species.
(This is the first paragraph. There is no abstract.)
Micronesica 5 (1): 121-130, 1969.
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Gilbert & Doty 1969
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some_additional_records_of_philippine_marine_chlorophyta_-_micronesica_vol._5_no.1_jul._1969_o.pdf (719.33 KB)
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3. Moore, D.R 2012. What’s new and what’s cooking in the latte period pots. Micronesica. 42(1/2): 121-147. Date Revised/Accepted: 02 January 2010.
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What’s new and what’s cooking in the latte period pots

Moore, D.R

Analyses of pottery collections recovered from latte period archaeological sites on Guam reveal considerable variation across several attributes including rim thickness, rim stance, orifice diameter, and exterior surface treatment. While it has been proposed that some unique attribute configurations occur late in the ceramic sequence, it has not been clear whether they date to the late latte period or the early Spanish period (post-A.D. 1521). Recent pottery analyses, correlated with radiocarbon dates having small standard deviations, are reviewed and they suggest that new vessel forms were added to the ceramic sequence in the 1400s. It has been argued that the latte period pots were appropriate for boiling certain starchy foods. Results of recent studies of charred residue on pottery fragments are presented and they lend support to and expand ideas about latte period pot usage. Possible climatic changes are discussed as potential factors leading to some of the temporal changes in the pottery sequence. This paper provides a data set for Guam that can be compared to similar pottery data sets from other islands in the Marianas to better understand the nature and timing of the regional diversity that developed in the latte period pottery industry.
Micronesica 42(1/2): 121-147, 2012.
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Moore 2012
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3_moore_pp121-147.pdf (1.24 MB)
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3. Marsh, Jr. J.A 1976. Energetic Role of Algae in Reef Ecosystems. Micronesica. 12 (1): 13-22. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 June 1976.
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Energetic Role of Algae in Reef Ecosystems

Marsh, Jr. J.A

Reef communities are recognized for their high productivity, but there is little information on the particular populations of primary producers responsible for this. There has as yet been no satisfactory attempt to rank the producer populations in a reef community according to their relative importance, and it is not clear whether community productivity is dominated by one or a few such populations or is distributed fairly evenly over a number of populations. There is also little information on how productivity varies spatially and temporally, nor is it yet known if there are basic differences between different types of reefs. Metabolic studies of reefs have tended to focus more on the community approach than on the study of individual populations.
(This is the first paragraph. There is no abstract.)
Micronesica 12 (1): 13-22, 1976.
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Marsh 1976
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energetic_role_of_algae_in_reef_ecosystems_by_marsh_j.a._-micronesica_vol.12_no.1._jun._1976_o.pdf (640.54 KB)
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3. McConnell, J., R. Barber & M. Denney 2003. The PEOPLE Project: Resource Library for Extension Programs in the Tropics. Micronesica. Suppl. 7: 13-15. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 January 2003.
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The PEOPLE Project: Resource Library for Extension Programs in the Tropics

McConnell, J., R. Barber & M. Denney

The Portable Extension Office for Program Literature Exchange (PEOPLE) project aims to expand the sustainable agriculture information resources available to agriculture professionals and their clients in the islands of the Western Pacific. The project has identified, obtained, and disseminated literature, in digital format (web site and CDROM), through extension institutes and non government organizations (NGO) worldwide that relate to tropical sustainable agriculture issues and practices. At the participating project sites, staff skills have been updated to include use of various types of computer equipment, software, and information resources to enable the effective implementation of “print-on-demand” program literature exchanges. Issues identified in the project’s implementation and future efforts are presented.
Micronesica Suppl. 7: 13-15, 2003.
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McConnell, Barber & Denney 2003
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03-suppl_7_13-15mcconnell.pdf (8.99 KB)
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3. Grygier, M.J 1990. A Crustacean Endoparasite (Ascothoracida: Synagogidae) of an Antipatharian from Guam. Micronesica. 23 (1): 15-25. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 June 1990.
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A Crustacean Endoparasite (Ascothoracida: Synagogidae) of an Antipatharian from Guam

Grygier, M.J

Sessilogoga elongata n. gen. n. sp. is an endoparasite of an unidentified antipatharian from 9 m depth at Guam, living between the host's tissue and skeletal axis. The description is based on a female, males, and nauplius larvae. Sessilogoga is included in the Synagogidae and is very similar to the ectoparasitic genus Synagoga Norman, for which a revised diagnosis is given. The nauplii are similar to those of some Lauridae.
Micronesica 23 (1): 15-25, 1990.
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Grygier 1990
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3-_a20crustacean20endoparasite20micronesica20vol.202320no.20120june201990-2.pdf (503.14 KB)
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3. Nafus, D.M 1993. Biological Control Agents and Native Parasitoids in the Population System of the Butterfly Hypolimnas bolina (L.) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Micronesica. Suppl. 4: 17-23. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 January 1993.
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Biological Control Agents and Native Parasitoids in the Population System of the Butterfly Hypolimnas bolina (L.) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)

Nafus, D.M

Over 100 species of parasitic and predacious insects have been deliberately introduced for biological control of pests on Guam. A pop­ulation of the butterfly Hypolimnas bolina was studied to determine mortality factors and to see if there were serious effects on this non­target butterfly. Only two species introduced for biological control, Tri­chogramma chilonis and Brachymeria lasus, were found attacking H. bolina. Both species are known generalists that attack a wide variety of hosts. H. bolina failed to reproduce in the study site in 17 of 22 months. This failure resulted from a combination of predation by ants on eggs, larvae and pupae, and parasitisation of eggs by two species of native parasitoid. The native parasitoids caused density dependent mortality. Ant predation was inversely density dependent. Populations of H. bolina were little influenced by T. chilonis, but B. lasus parasitized 24% of the pupae and was an important mortality factor in two of the months when reproductive efforts failed. Generalist parasitoids such as T. chilonis and B. lasus should not be imported for biological control purposes. 
Micronesica Suppl. 4: 17-23, 1993.
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Nafus 1993
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sup04-03-nafused.pdf (427.19 KB)
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3. Scott, J 1983. A new indo-west pacific species of the dendronotacean nudibranch Bornella (Mollusca: Opisthobranchia) with anguilliform swimming behavior. Micronesica. 19 (1-2): 17-26. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 December 1983.
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A new indo-west pacific species of the dendronotacean nudibranch Bornella (Mollusca: Opisthobranchia) with anguilliform swimming behavior

Scott, J

A new species of Bornella from the Indo-West Pacific is described. The strictly subtidal, nocturnally active, new species can be differentiated from all other species of Bornella by external morphology and coloration, internal anatomy, and by its peculiar anguilliform swimming behavior.
Micronesica 19 (1-2): 17-26, 1983.
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a_new_indo-west_pacific_species_of_the_dendronotacean_nudibranch_micronesica_vol._19_no._1-2_dec._1983.pdf (8.03 MB)
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