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8. Marsh, L.M 1974. Shallow-Water Asterozoans of Southeastern Polynesia I. Asteroidea. Micronesica. 10 (1): 65-104. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 June 1974.

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Shallow-Water Asterozoans of Southeastern Polynesia I. Asteroidea

Marsh, L.M

A collection of shallow-water Asteroidea from southeastern Polynesia, representing 25 species in 18 genera and 10 families, is described. A new genus and species, Devania naviculiforma (Ophidiasteridae) and two new species, Ctenophoraster marquesensis (Astropectinidae) and Allostichaster peleensis (Asteriidae) are described and illustrated.

The following species are recorded from islands in southeastern Polynesia for the first time: Luidia cf. maculata (Marquesas Islands); Astropecten polyacanthus (Marquesas, Pitcairn and Easter(?) Islands); A. triseriatus fijiensis (Easter Island); Culcita novaeguineae (Marquesas, Gambier, and Pitcairn Islands); Fromia milleporella (Line Islands); Gomophia egyptiaca (Tonga, Cook, Rapa, and Society Islands); Leiaster leachi (Cook, Rapa, and Marquesas Islands); Linckia laevigata (Tuamotu Archipelago and Pitcairn Island); L . guildingi (Marquesas, Gambier and Pitcairn Islands); L. multifora (Marquesas, Gambier, Pitcairn, and Austral Islands); Ophidiaster lorioli (Austral, Rapa, Pitcairn, and Line Islands); Neoferdina cumingi (Society Islands and Tuamotu Archipelago); Asteropsis carinifera (Tuamotu Archipelago, Marquesas and Line Islands); Asterina burtoni (Line Islands); A. anomala (Tonga); Acanthaster planci (Cook, Gambier, Pitcairn, and Line Islands); Valvaster striatus (Cook Islands) and Echinaster luzonicus (Tonga).

The Asteroidea of southeastern Polynesia represent an attenuated tropical Indo-West Pacific fauna both in the number of species present and in the number of individuals of species common in the western Pacific.

Micronesica 10 (1): 65-104, 1974.

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8. Viraktamath, C.A 2002. Alien Invasive Insect and Mite Pests and Weeds in India and Their Management. Micronesica. Suppl. 6: 67-83. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 January 2002.

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Alien Invasive Insect and Mite Pests and Weeds in India and Their Management

Viraktamath, C.A

In the past ten years at least six species of insect and mite pests have invaded India affecting agricultural production. Some of the recent invasive pests in India are psyllid, Heteropsylla cubana Crawford on Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) De Witt; American serpentine leaf miner, Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) on a number of vegetables and ornamental plants; coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari) on coffee; spiraling whitefly, Aleurodicus dispersus Russell on a number of agricultural, horticultural crops and forest trees; Silver leaf whitefly, Bemisia argentifolii Bellows and Perring on tomato; and coconut mite, Aceria guerreronis Keifer on coconut. Outbreaks of coconut mite and silver leaf whitefly had devastating effects on the economy of the farming communities in south India. Some of the alien weeds that have invaded India are Chromolaena odorata (L.) King and Robinson; Ageratina adenophora (Sprengel); Parthenium hysterophorus Linnaeus; lantana, Lantana camera Linnaeus; mile-a-minute weed, Mikania micrantha Kunth; giant sensitive plant, Mimosa invisa Martius ex Colla; sensitive plant, Mimosa pudica Linnaeus; water hyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes (Martius); and salvinia, Salvinia molesta Mitchell. Classical biological control appears to be an important approach in the management of these invasive organisms in their new habitats. International cooperation for their effective management is of paramount importance as exchange of information on biology of invasive pests that are spreading their range and exchange of natural enemies, etc. can be effectively achieved by such cooperation.

Micronesica Suppl. 6: 67-83, 2002.

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8. Hadfield, M.G 1976. Animal Associates on Coral Reefs: Introductory Remarks. Micronesica. 12 (1): 67-68. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 June 1976.

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Animal Associates on Coral Reefs: Introductory Remarks

Hadfield, M.G

The organizers of the 1974, "International Symposium on Inda-Pacific Tropical Reef Biology," envisioned a comprehensive examination of problems relating to faunistics and floristics of coral reef communities. Special attention was to be directed toward summations of existing knowledge of the state of taxonomy of various groups. In connection with these reports was to be a series of symposia in which would be summarized biological information about major groups of reef associated organisms.

(This is the first paragraph. There is no abstract.)

Micronesica 12 (1): 67-68, 1976.

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8. Wiles, G.J., N.C. Johnson, J.B. de Cruz, G. Dutson, V.A. Camacho, A.K. Kepler, D.S. Vice, K.L. Garrett, C.C. Kessler & H.D. Pratt 2004. New and Noteworthy Bird Records for Micronesia, 1986-2003. Micronesica. 37(1): 69-96. Date Revised/Accepted: 12 November 2003.

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New and Noteworthy Bird Records for Micronesia, 1986-2003

Wiles, G.J., N.C. Johnson, J.B. de Cruz, G. Dutson, V.A. Camacho, A.K. Kepler, D.S. Vice, K.L. Garrett, C.C. Kessler & H.D. Pratt

This paper documents noteworthy records of 73 bird species for Micronesia from 1986–2003.

Micronesica 37(1): 69-96, 2004.

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8. Trott, L.B 1965. The Use of Nicotine sulfate in fish Narcotization. Micronesica. 2 (1): 71-72. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 June 1965.

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The Use of Nicotine sulfate in fish Narcotization

Trott, L.B

The use of nicotine sulfate, commercially available for crop spraying as "black leaf 40," in fish narcotization is described. Solutions of 5 parts per million were found to be effective in the laboratory, and stronger concentrations were used in field collections as a substitute for narcotizing agents not available in remote areas. No adverse effects on the fish used in experimentation was noted; invertebrates, however, did not generally recover. Use as a collecting agent in the field is noted.

Micronesica 2 (1): 71-72, 1965.

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Trott 1965	pdf the_use_of_nicotine_sulphate_in_fish_narcotization_by_trott_l.b._-_micronesica_vol._2_no._1_june_1965o.pdf (202.68 KB)	202.68 KB

8. Josekutty, P.C., S.S. Cornelius & T.N. Kilafwasru 2003. Micropropagation of four Banana Cultivars in Micronesia. Micronesica. Suppl. 7: 77-81. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 January 2003.

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Micropropagation of four Banana Cultivars in Micronesia

Josekutty, P.C., S.S. Cornelius & T.N. Kilafwasru

Four local cultivars of bananas (Musa spp.) in Kosrae, Federated States of Micronesia (FSM)—Kufwafwa, Lacatan (dessert bananas), Apat regular and Apat fissuse (cooking bananas)—were subjected to micropropagation experiments at the Micronesia Plant Propagation Research Center (MPPRC), Kosrae during 1999–2000. Protocols for efficient micropropagation of these varieties were developed during the study. Surface sterilization procedures were modified to attain acceptable numbers of aseptic stage I cultures. All varieties studied responded to modified MS medium. Plant growth regulator, 6–Benzylaminopurine (BAP, 3–7 mg L^–1) requirements for different varieties were substantially distinct in terms of optimal growth and multiplication. Multiplication rates varied considerably between 20–30 (Apat regular) and 2–3 (Kufwafwa). Longitudinal splitting of the shoot tips improved the multiplication rate in all the varieties.

Micronesica Suppl. 7: 77-81, 2003.

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8. Nelson, S.G., J.E. Parham, R.B. Tibbatts, F.A. Camacho, T. Leberer & B.D. Smith 1997. Distributions and Microhabitats of the Amphidromous Gobies in Streams of Micronesia. Micronesica. 30(1): 83-91. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 January 1997.

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Distributions and Microhabitats of the Amphidromous Gobies in Streams of Micronesia

Nelson, S.G., J.E. Parham, R.B. Tibbatts, F.A. Camacho, T. Leberer & B.D. Smith

Amphidromous gobies are prominent components of stream fish assemblages of the islands of Micronesia, yet most aspects of their biology are poorly known. The increased pace of development in many of the islands of the tropical Pacific has resulted in an increased threat to the fauna of their inland, aquatic habitats and an urgent need for ecological information on these fishes. We used visual surveys to compare the instream distributions, microhabitat use, and densities of stream gobies from two islands within the geographic area of Micronesia in relation to various physical and biotic factors. The species composition of the goby assemblages changes with stream elevation, most abruptly at waterfalls, and between islands. Abrupt changes in the stream fish communities occur at major waterfalls. Waterfalls can be effective barriers to upstream migration for the gobies that are not adapted to climbing, such as those of the genus Stenogobius. However, even large waterfalls can be climbed by species in the genera Stiphodon, Sicyopus, Sicyopterus, Awaous, and Redigobius. Percent canopy cover and substrate type are other determinants of the distributions and densities of these tropical stream gobies.

Micronesica 30(1): 83-91, 1997.

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8. Marshall, M 1977. Kermadec Petrel In The Eastern Caroline Islands. Micronesica. 13 (1): 83-84. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 June 1977.

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Kermadec Petrel In The Eastern Caroline Islands

Marshall, M

While traveling aboard the M/V Ran Annim between Namoluk and Losap Atolls southeast of Truk in the Eastern Caroline Islands on 27 May 1976, I saw a seabird astern of the ship. The most noticeable feature of the seabird was very distinct white patches on the underside of the wings near the tips. The wingspan was 0.9 to 1.2 m, the wings were quite broad and slightly blunted at the ends, and the bird appeared somewhat hawklike in shape and behavior. The beak was gull-like and the tail was fan-shaped. The bird was dark brown above and grey below, with the grey extending to the head and breast. Wingbeats were strong and purposeful, although this individual soared and glided briefly in our wake before flying past us and moving to the WNW. These observations were made well out of sight of land at approximately 1315 on a clear sunny day over a period of about five minutes.

(This is the first paragraph. There is no abstract.)

Micronesica 13 (1): 83-84, 1977.

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8. Lobban, C.S 2001. New Books: Three useful books on seaweeds. Micronesica. 34(1): 85-86.

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New Books: Three useful books on seaweeds

Lobban, C.S

No abstract.

First paragraph summarizes the paper:

Three recent books on marine algal floras are helpful in Micronesia, although they are about other areas. The objective of this short review is to note their utility in our region.

Micronesica 34(1): 85-86, 2001.

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8. Amesbury, S.S 1990. Book review: Micronesian Reef Fishes. Micronesica. 23 (1): 91-92. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 June 1990.

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Book review: Micronesian Reef Fishes

Amesbury, S.S

This is surely one of the most informative, attractive, and complete regional fish guides available. More than 1250 species of reef fishes (about 10% of the world's marine fish fauna) are featured in individual accounts, and most are illustrated with underwater color photos.

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Micronesica 23 (1): 91-92, 1990.

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Amesbury 1990	pdf 8-_book20review20micronesian20reef20fishes20micronesica20vol.202320no.20120june201990.pdf (222.85 KB)	222.85 KB

8. Cheng, L 1981. Halobates (Heteroptera: Gerridae) from Micronesia with Notes on a Laboratory Population of H. mariannarum. Micronesica. 17 (1 & 2): 97-106. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 December 1981.

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Halobates (Heteroptera: Gerridae) from Micronesia with Notes on a Laboratory Population of H. mariannarum

Cheng, L

Seven species of sea-skaters, marine insects of the genus Halobates, are reported from Micronesia. Nymphs of nearshore species (H. mariannarum, H. flaviventris, H. nereis, H. princeps) are generally found in sheltered waters among mangrove roots and branches, whereas adults are usually found in more open water. Specimens of open-ocean species (H. micans, H. sericeus, H. germanus) may be found washed to shore after storms. Under laboratory conditions, each nymphal stadium of H. mariannarum lasts 12-14 days.

Micronesica 17 (1 & 2): 97-106, 1981.

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Cheng 1981	pdf halobates_heteroptera-_gerridae_from_micronesia_with_notes_on_a_laboratory_population_of_h._mariannarum-micronesica_vol._17_nos._1-2_dec._1981o.pdf (3.23 MB)	3.23 MB

8. Bergquist, P.R., J.E. Morton & C.A. Tizard 1971. Some Demospongiae from the Solomon Islands - with Descriptive Notes on the Major Sponge Habitats. Micronesica. 7(1/2): 99-121. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 July 1971.

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Some Demospongiae from the Solomon Islands - with Descriptive Notes on the Major Sponge Habitats

Bergquist, P.R., J.E. Morton & C.A. Tizard

No abstract provided.

Micronesica 7(1/2): 99-121, 1971.

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Bergquist Et Al 1971	pdf BergquistEtAl1971.pdf (2.44 MB)	2.44 MB

9. Devaney, D.M 1974. Shallow-Water Asterozoans of Southeastern Polynesia II. Ophiuroidea. Micronesica. 10 (1): 105-192. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 June 1974.

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Shallow-Water Asterozoans of Southeastern Polynesia II. Ophiuroidea

Devaney, D.M

The shallow water ophiuroids of southeastern Polynesia are represented by 40 species in 22 genera and 9 families reported herein. Ophiacanthidae is represented by one new species of Amphilimna, Ophiomyxidae by one species, Amphiuridae by seven, including one new species of Amphiura, Ophiactidae by four species, Ophiotrichidae by six, including one new species of Ophiothrix, Ophiocomidae by 13, including one new species of Ophiomastix, Ophionereidae by one, Ophiodermatidae by five, including one new species of Ophiopeza and a new subspecies of Ophiarachna megacantha, and Ophiuridae by two species. New records are based, for the most part, on the 1967 "Pele" Expedition and 1970-71 "Westward Expedition to southeastern Polynesia. Species included are from depths less than 80 fathoms. A key is given for all species included.

Micronesica 10 (1): 105-192, 1974.

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9. Bright, G.R. & J.A. June 1981. Freshwater Fishes of Palau, Caroline Islands. Micronesica. 17 (1 & 2): 107-112. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 December 1981.

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Freshwater Fishes of Palau, Caroline Islands

Bright, G.R. & J.A. June

Forty-four species of fishes have been collected in the freshwaters of Palau; of these, nine are new records. Over half belong to the families Gobiidae and Eleotridae.

Micronesica 17 (1 & 2): 107-112, 1981.

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Bright & June 1981	pdf freshwater_fishes_of_palau_caroline_islands-micronesica_vol._17_nos._1-2_dec._1981o.pdf (1.44 MB)	1.44 MB

9. Kami, H.T 1975. Check-List of Guam Fishes, Supplement II. Micronesica. 11 (1): 115-122. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 July 1975.

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Check-List of Guam Fishes, Supplement II

Kami, H.T

This second supplement to the Check-list of Guam Fishes (Kami et al., 1968; Kami, 1971) lists 75 species and four families of fishes previously not recorded from Guam.

(This is the first paragraph. There is no abstract.)

Micronesica 11 (1): 115-122, 1975.

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Kami 1975	pdf check-list_of_guam_fishes_supplement_ii_kami_h.t._-micronesica_vol.11_no.1_jul._1975_o.pdf (318.28 KB)	318.28 KB

9. Myers, R.F 1988. An Annotated Checklist of the Fishes of the Mariana Islands. Micronesica. 21 (1 & 2): 115-180. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 December 1988.

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An Annotated Checklist of the Fishes of the Mariana Islands

Myers, R.F

A total of 871 species of inshore and epipelagic fishes in 105 families are listed from the Mariana Islands. Species entries are annotated to include the initial Mariana distributional record, synonyms used in earlier publications dealing with Marianas fishes, and justification of synonyms not previously mentioned by Myers and Shepard (1980). The list includes 129 new records resulting from recent collections, photographs, or reliable sightings. An additional 35 species in 25 families known from deep slope (>200 m) or mesopelagic habitats, including 19 new records, are listed in two appendices.

Micronesica 21 (1 & 2): 115-180, 1988.

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Myers 1988	pdf anannotatedchecklistmyerso.pdf (31.27 MB)	31.27 MB

9. Pinhey, T.K. & R.L. Haddock 1995. Characteristics of Mothers of Infant Salmonellosis and Shigellosis Patients in Guam. Micronesica. 28(1): 119-125. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 January 1995.

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Characteristics of Mothers of Infant Salmonellosis and Shigellosis Patients in Guam

Pinhey, T.K. & R.L. Haddock

Using data taken from birth certificates, we document differences in the sociodemographic characteristics of mothers of infant salmonellosis and shigellosis patients in Guam. The results of an analysis of covariance indicate that mothers of salmonellosis infants are more likely to be Caucasian and less likely to be Filipino. Mothers of shigellosis infants appear to be from lower socioeconomic status levels. Our analysis also reveals a relationship of mothers' ethnicity to educational attainment levels, and indicates that unmarried Chamorro mothers who have not graduated from high school are more likely than others to have infants with shigellosis. The results suggest that risk factors for infant salmonellosis and shigellosis are dissimilar and that measures that may be useful in reducing the incidence of infant shigellosis in Guam may not be effective in controlling infant salmonellosis.

Micronesica 28(1): 119-125, 1995.

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9. Hansen, P.A. & B.W. Halstead 1971. The Venomous Sea Anemone Actinodendron plumosum Haddon of South Vietnam. Micronesica. 7(1/2): 123-136. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 July 1971.

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The Venomous Sea Anemone Actinodendron plumosum Haddon of South Vietnam

Hansen, P.A. & B.W. Halstead

The "hell's fire sea anemone" Actinodendron plumosum Haddon is an inhabitant of the ludo-Pacific region where it is frequently encountered in shallow reef areas. This coelenterate is of importance to marine biotoxicologists because it is one of the few species of sea anemones capable of inflicting serious and painful stings. This report resulted from the periodic stingings incurred by American military personnel swimming in the vicinity of Cam-Ranh Bay, South Vietnam. Investigation of the stingings revealed the causative agent to be the sea anemone A. plumosum. This sea anemone is commonly referred to by the local fishermen of South Vietnam as "con nhum." Very little appears to be reported in the literature concerning either the biology or venomous properties of this coelenterate. The known venomological literature dealing with this sea anemone has been reviewed by Cleland and Southcott (1965) and Halstead (1965). This is one of the few clinical accounts of stingings by this interesting coelenterate. The field observations were made during the months of November, 1968, through August, 1969.

Micronesica 7(1/2): 123-136, 1971.

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Hansen & Halstead 1971	pdf Hansen&Halstead1971.pdf (1.04 MB)	1.04 MB

9. Feinberg, R 1978. Anutan epistemology: The roots of "knowledge" on a Polynesian outlier. Micronesica. 14(2): 127-137. Date Revised/Accepted: 10 December 1978.

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Anutan epistemology: The roots of "knowledge" on a Polynesian outlier

Feinberg, R

To the people of Anuta Island, a Polynesian outlier in the eastern Solomon Islands, 'knowing' is a process or activity rather than a substantive object. A person comes 'to know' by channelling sense data, particularly visual and auditory, to the 'mind' where they are processed and made ready for use. Someone thought 'to know' a great deal is said to be an 'expert' and respected for his expertise. Intelligence and expertise are expressed in terms of 'light' in contrast with stupidity and ignorance, which the Anutans associate with 'darkness'. The Anutans' view of 'knowing', which they hold in common with other Polynesian peoples, is opposed to that held commonly by Melanesians who see 'knowledge' as an object which may be possessed, exchanged, created or destroyed, lost and found, or bought and sold. This distinction, I suggest, reflects the fact that rank in Melanesia is achieved through distribution of large quantities of objects, and possession of certain types of knowledge, both ritual and technical, facilitates the acquisition of sufficient goods for distribution, while in Polynesia 'knowing' only validates or modifies a status one already occupies by virtue of his genealogical position.

Micronesica 14(2): 127-137, 1978.

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	pdf anutan_epistemoogy_the_roots_of_knowedge_on_a_poynesian_outier_micronesica_vo_14_no._2_dec.1978-2.pdf (5.95 MB)	5.95 MB

9. Chartock, M.A 1983. Habitat and feeding observations on species of Ophiocoma (Ophiocomidae) at Enewetak. Micronesica. 19(1-2): 131-149. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 December 1983.

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Habitat and feeding observations on species of Ophiocoma (Ophiocomidae) at Enewetak

Chartock, M.A

Habitat and feeding differences among seven species of the Genus Ophiocoma (Ophiuroidea: Ophiocomidae) were examined at Enewetak, Marshall Islands. A variety of suspension, deposit, and water surface feeding mechanisms were employed by these species, but dietary differences were not distinguished. The four abundant species, 0. anaglyptica, 0 . erinaceus, 0 . pica, and 0 . scolopendrina, were ecologically separated by habitat (patch type) rather than particle size of food. Three closely related and relatively rare species, belonging to the Brevipes intrageneric group, 0. brevipes, 0. dentata, and 0 . doederleini were not ecologically separated based on food or habitat. It is possible that neither food nor habitat availability were limiting factors for this group, but rather some feature not discovered in this study. Ophiocoma that were primarily bottom feeders had stronger dentition and a lower spine to arm length ratio than suspension feeding species.

Micronesica 19(1-2): 131-149, 1983.

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	pdf habitat_and_feeding_observations_on_species_of_ophiocoma_micronesica_vol._19_no._1-2_dec._1983.pdf (3.46 MB)	3.46 MB

9. Costion, C.M., A.H. Kitalong & T. Holm 2009. Plant Endemism, Rarity, and Threat in Palau, Micronesia: A Geographical Checklist and Preliminary Red List Assessment. Micronesica. 41(1): 131-164. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 July 2009.

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Plant Endemism, Rarity, and Threat in Palau, Micronesia: A Geographical Checklist and Preliminary Red List Assessment

Costion, C.M., A.H. Kitalong & T. Holm

An official checklist of the endemic plant species of Palau has been long awaited, and is presented here for the first time. For each species a substrate limitation, growth form, and relative abundance is listed. In addition an IUCN red list assessment was conducted using all available data. For over half of the endemic species there is insufficient data to provide a red listing status however an expected minimum number of threatened plants out of the total is inferred. Approximately 15% of Palau’s endemic plants are believed to be only known from the type collection and many more only known from a few collections. These taxa however may now be prioritized and targeted for future inventory and research. The taxonomic robustness of several of these taxa is questionable and it is expected that more endemic species will be lost to synonymy in the future. Previous estimations have significantly over-estimated the rate of plant endemism in Palau (e.g., 194). Here, 130 plants are recognized for Palau, making its level of plant endemism comparable to some of its neighboring Micronesian islands to the east, notably Guam and Pohnpei. Several species are known to be restricted to isolated disjunct populations however the causes for their rarity are poorly known and have never been intensively studied. Palau although notable for its high percentage of remaining primary forest compared to other oceanic islands faces increasing threat from development making these small populations highly vulnerable. Nothing is known about how these rare species will respond to the imminent threat of climate change. There is no current legislation protecting specific plant species as their rarity has never been systematically quantified. This paper represents a step towards plant conservation in Micronesia and it aims to stimulate further studies to address the data deficiencies documented here.

Micronesica 41(1): 131-164, 2009.

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9. Lobban, C.S 1992. Book Review: Ferns and Orchids of the Mariana Islands. Micronesica. 25 (1): 135-136. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 June 1992.

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Book Review: Ferns and Orchids of the Mariana Islands

Lobban, C.S

Perhaps because of their distance from other islands, the Marianas have a relatively high proportion of ferns in the vascular flora. Fern spores are light and travel easily on the wind. On the other hand, the number of orchids is small compared to islands closer to the mainland (see other book reviews this issue). Ninety species of ferns, and related plants such as Psilotum. Selaginella, and Lycopodium, are described and beautifully illustrated in color in this book. Thirty species of orchids, not including non-naturalized introductions, are also included. Of these orchids, four are endemic to the Marianas and seven more occur only in Micronesia. Not surprisingly, there are few endemic ferns; one, Thelypteris gretheri, commemorates David Grether, co-author with W.H. Wagner of the first book on ferns of Guam (Pteridophyta of Guam, Bishop Museum, 1948). Each species is shown in one or two clear photos; detail photos of the ferns often show the arrangement of the reproductive areas (sori), and of course orchid details show the flowers.

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Micronesica 25 (1): 135-136, 1992.

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9. Garth, J.S 1964. The Crustacea Decapoda (Brachyura and Anomura) of Eniwetok Atoll, Marshall Islands, with special reference to the obligate commensals of branching corals. Micronesica. 1 (1 & 2): 137-144. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 June 1964.

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The Crustacea Decapoda (Brachyura and Anomura) of Eniwetok Atoll, Marshall Islands, with special reference to the obligate commensals of branching corals

Garth, J.S

The brachyuran decapod crustaceans of the Marshall Islands have been reviewed by Balss (1938) and by Miyake (1938, 1939). These reports stem from the German and Japanese occupations, respectively, the former being the result of the Pacific Expedition of Dr. Sixten Bock, 1917-1918, the latter the result of the Micronesia Expedition of Prof. Teiso Esaki, 1937-1938. According to Fosberg (1956, p. 1), Jaluit Atoll was the headquarters of both the German and the Japanese administrations, a fact that accounts for the preponderance of records from the southern Marshall Islands. Additional coverage of the southern Marshalls was provided by the 1950 Arno Atoll Expedition of the Coral Atoll Program of the Pacific Science Board, the decapod crustaceans collected by Dr. R. W. Hiatt having been reported by Holthuis (1953). Carcinologically speaking, the northern Marshalls are less well known, collections having been made only at Likieb Atoll by both Dr. Bock and Prof. Esaki and at Kwajalein Atoll by Prof . Esaki alone. Except for the shrimps, reported by Chace (1955), the extensive collections made in connection with Operation Crossroads in 1946-1947, which included Bikini, Rongelap, Rongerik, and Eniwetok atolls (Fosberg, 1956, p. 4), are at the U.S. National Museum awaiting study.
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Micronesica 1 (1 & 2): 137-144, 1964.

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9. Trono, Jr. G.C 1968. The Marine Benthic Algae of the Caroline Islands, I. Introduction, Chlorophyta, and Cyanophyta. Micronesica. 4 (2): 137-206. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 December 1968.

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The Marine Benthic Algae of the Caroline Islands, I. Introduction, Chlorophyta, and Cyanophyta

Trono, Jr. G.C

The Caroline Islands are largely a group of atolls located between 131° and 164° East Longitude and 2° to 10° North Latitude. Most of the islands are low islands or coral atolls, but the islands of Kusaie, Ponape, Truk, and Palau are high islands of volcanic origin while Yap is of uplifted sedimentary origin. Those lying east of 148° East Longitude comprise the Eastern Caroline Islands, while those west of this meridian comprise the Western Caroline Islands. Together they constitute much of Micronesia.

(This is the first paragraph. There is no abstract.)

Micronesica 4 (2): 137-206, 1968.

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9. Dalebout, M.L., K.M. Robertson, S.J. Chivers & A. Samuels 2008. DNA identification and the impact of illegal, unregulated, and unreported (IUU) fishing on rare whales in Micronesian waters. Micronesica. 40(1/2): 139-117. Date Revised/Accepted: 30 October 2006.

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DNA identification and the impact of illegal, unregulated, and unreported (IUU) fishing on rare whales in Micronesian waters

Dalebout, M.L., K.M. Robertson, S.J. Chivers & A. Samuels

There is little knowledge of the impact of illegal, unregulated and unreported (IUU) fishing on marine megafauna such as whales, dolphins and porpoises, especially in the tropical Indo-Pacific where this problem is rife. Here we present the results from the DNA identification of a rare beaked whale (Mesoplodon ginkgodens) confiscated from a Chinese (Taiwan)-registered longliner. The young, unweaned whale allegedly became entangled in the vessel’s longlines when the vessel was fishing near Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia (FSM), and was held frozen in the hold for over a month before it was discovered during a routine vessel inspection in Guam. The captain stated that he planned to sell it in Taipei. This rare species, first described in 1958, is known from less than 30 records; this is the first from Micronesia. The images presented are the first available of a confirmed juvenile of this species. Importation of the whale carcass into Guam constituted a contravention of CITES (Convention on Inter- national Trade in Endangered Species) and the US Marine Mammal Protection Act, but the take or retention of marine mammals in the FSM region is currently not prohibited by law. In the absence of modifications to the FSM Marine Resources Act (2002), IUU fishing takes such as this will continue to pose a legally-sanctioned threat to rare cetaceans such as M. ginkgodens. Molecular monitoring can help to overcome some of difficulties of detecting by-catch and other IUU takes of marine megafauna. We suggest that expansion of existing regional inspection programs for vessels, docks, and markets to include sampling of suspicious carcasses, body parts, and processed products for DNA identification would provide a powerful and relatively inex- pensive means of addressing this issue.

Micronesica 40(1/2): 139-117, 2008.

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9. Idechiil, O., R.H. Miller, K.S. Pike & L.D. Hansen Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae), ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and associated flora of Palau with comparisons to other Pacific Islands. Micronesica. 39(2): 141-170. Date Revised/Accepted: 07 December 2006.

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Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae), ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and associated flora of Palau with comparisons to other Pacific Islands

Idechiil, O., R.H. Miller, K.S. Pike & L.D. Hansen

Aphids, aphid plant host, and ant associations in the major islands of Palau are reported from collections made during 2000-2001 and 2003-2004. Eleven aphid species and twenty three ant species were collected. None of the collected aphids and ants was indigenous to Palau. Earlier collectors’ records are also presented. Aphid and ant distribution on Palau and throughout Micronesia is described. Identification species keys are provided for the aphids and ants from Palau reported in this study.

Micronesica 39(2): 141-170,

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9. Marutani, M. & R. Muniappan 1994. New Pests on Cruciferous Plants in Yap. Micronesica. 27(1/2): 153-154. Date Revised/Accepted: 16 April 1994.

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New Pests on Cruciferous Plants in Yap

Marutani, M. & R. Muniappan

Pests of cruciferous plants were surveyed on Yap Island during Aug. 5- 7 and Sept. 26-28, 1990, and Mar. 13-15 and Sept. 20-22, 1991. The area of vegetable cultivation was very limited on the island and small vegetable patches were found in a home garden type of operation with very low input. In a garden of Toply, cruciferous crops were being grown during all four visits. Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinesis L.) was the most common leafy cruciferous crop grown.

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Micronesica 27(1/2): 153-154, 1994.

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9. McConnell, J. & R. Muniappan 1991. Ant Damage to Dendrobium Flowers. Micronesica. 24 (1): 159-160. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 June 1991.

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Ant Damage to Dendrobium Flowers

McConnell, J. & R. Muniappan

The Agricultural Experiment Station at the University of Guam is currently screening various orchids for use as cut flowers in Guam. Hybrids of the genus Dendrobium are currently being screened for release. In March 1990 spots began appearing on developing buds (Fig. 1). Eventually most of the dendrobiums had spotted racemes. The fully expanded flowers frequently had distorted petals and sepals in addition to the purple spotting (Fig. 2).

(This is the first paragraph. There is no abstract.)

Micronesica 24 (1): 159-160, 1991.

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9. Cheney, D.P 1973. Pearlfish (Carapidae) in Acanthaster planci (L.). Micronesica. 9 (1): 159-159. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 July 1973.

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Pearlfish (Carapidae) in Acanthaster planci (L.)

Cheney, D.P

Pearlfishes are symbionts with certain invertebrates, primarily with echinoderms as hosts. Two genera of pearlfishes have been collected on Guam (Mariana Islands) by Branch (1969) and Trott (1970) from a number of holothurian species and the cushion starfish, Culcita novaeguineae Müller and Troschel. The author has recently observed Guam pearlfishes inhabiting the crown-of-thorns starfish, Acanthaster planci (L.). One juvenile Encheliophis (Jordanicus) gracilis (Bleeker) and three adult specimens of Carapus mourlani (Petit) were collected while assessing the reproductive potential of Acanthaster. Three were taken as they emerged, apparently under oxygen stress, from the oral cavities of moribund starfish. One C. mourlani was found in the coelomic cavity of a dissected Acanthaster. No more than one pearlfish was recovered from each starfish host. The stomachs of all collected pearlfishes were empty and the fish and their starfish hosts appeared normal.

(This is the first paragraph. There is no abstract.)

Micronesica 9 (1): 159-159, 1973.

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9. Kirkendale, L. & D.R. Calder 2003. Hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from Guam and the Commonwealth of the Northern Marianas Islands (CNMI). Micronesica. 35-36: 159-188.

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Hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from Guam and the Commonwealth of the Northern Marianas Islands (CNMI)

Kirkendale, L. & D.R. Calder

This report provides the first general account of the marine hydroids (Leptolida), excluding Milleporidae and Stylasteridae, of Guam and the Commonwealth of the Northern Marianas Islands (CNMI). The siphonophore Physalia physalis is also recorded from the region. Seventeen families and 43 species, a majority of them (80%) leptothecates, are listed in our preliminary assay of the fauna. Of these species, 42 are from Guam and 17 from the CNMI. Of those from the CNMI, 16 were collected from Saipan in the Southern Marianas Islands and one from Maug in the Northern Marianas Islands. The diversity of hydroids from this area, as currently known, is briefly compared with that of several oceanic island systems elsewhere that have been more thoroughly surveyed. From this comparison, we conclude that the shallow-water hydroid fauna of Guam and vicinity is still inadequately known and likely comprises 100 species or more. Reported distributions of species identified here were examined in order to judge whether they might be introduced to the study area. Select species found on artificial substrata in the harbor are evidence of a possible anthropogenic introduction, however, we believe the majority are long-term inhabitants of the study area. We base this on their widespread distribution and their capacity for long-range transport, especially by rafting on phoretic substrata. No endemics were represented.

Micronesica 35-36: 159-188, 2003.

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